tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-72065791727207096892024-03-12T19:44:24.283-07:00Drug Test AustraliaDrug Test Australia provides Australian Standard drug testing services, drug testing products and nationally accredited training.
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www.drugtestaustralia.com.au, email sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au or call 1300 636 660, Please enter your email address below to subscribe and be updated on new articlesAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14770507379935126186noreply@blogger.comBlogger47125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-45144796916674919022013-01-08T20:55:00.002-08:002013-01-08T20:55:36.144-08:00Prescription Drug Abuse - Harming Newborns<img height="169" src="http://www.amnxpress.com/images/2012/10/03/22048/we-have-all-kinds-of-pain-killers-and-drugs-for-salejust-go-through-our-price-list-and-get-back-to-us-with-your-exact-o_1.jpg" width="200" /><br />
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Prescription drug abuse continues to be in the forefront of drug testing and is a growing problem.<br />
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The increased use and addiction to painkillers has now surfaced in the most vulnerable of patients - newborns, according to an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association. The number of babies born addicted to these painkillers has nearly tripled in the last decade, which equates to one baby per hour, according to the study.<br />
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Dr Stephan Patrick of the University of Michigan Health Centre Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, the lead author of this study, indicated that "Generally, babies are soothed by wrapping or holding or being fed. Typically these babies can't be consoled".<br />
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<img height="133" src="http://i.livescience.com/images/i/000/034/981/iFF/painkiller-babies.jpg?1356968718" width="200" /><br />
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Posted by <a href="http://drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a><br />
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Original from<a href="http://www.datia.org/publications/datia-focus-magazine.html"> Datia Focus</a>, Fall 2012, pg 4. Neil Fortner<br />
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<img height="63" src="http://www.datia.org/images/logo/logo.gif" width="400" />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com757 Tourle Street, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-60.960059 110.425287 -4.8096469999999982 -166.95752500000003tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-44823903681477785432013-01-07T13:18:00.001-08:002013-01-07T13:18:51.790-08:00New Website! Online Store! Come visit us at Drug Test Australia<img alt="Drug Test Australia" src="http://drugtestaustralia.dev.efst.in/images/logo.jpg" /><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com257 Tourle Street, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-59.5621765 110.425287 -6.2075295 -166.95752500000003tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-61561341804974262482013-01-06T16:05:00.000-08:002013-01-06T16:12:12.111-08:00Alcohol self-assessment - Are you drinking too much?<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">If you're not really sure about the amount you are drinking take this short test.</span></div>
<div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">It'll help you to assess the effects of your drinking and if it suggests you're drinking too much you'll get advice on how to cut down or seek further help.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">QUESTIONS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm;">
<span class="GramE"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1.How</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> often do you have a drink containing alcohol?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) Never (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Once a month or less (1 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) 2 to 4 times a month (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">d) 2 to 3 times a week (3 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e) 4 or more times a week (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="GramE"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">2.How</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> many units of alcohol do you have on a typical day when you are drinking?</span></b></div>
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<span lang="FR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1-2 (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="FR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">3-4 (1 point)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="FR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> 5-6 (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="FR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">7-9 (3 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">10 + (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">What is a unit?<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">You can't just count each drink as a unit of alcohol. The number of units depends on the different strength and size of each drink, so it can vary a lot.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="GramE"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Here's</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> some examples:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; margin-bottom: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Pint of beer, 4%, is 2.3 units<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">500ml can of strong lager, 6%, 3 units<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">250ml glass of wine, 11%, 2.8 units<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">330ml can of cider, 5%, 1.7 units<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Single (25ml) measure of spirits (e.g. vodka or gin), 1 unit<o:p></o:p></span></li>
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<span class="GramE"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">3.How</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> often do you have six or more units on one occasion?</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) Never (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Less than monthly (1 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) Monthly (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">d) Weekly (3 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e) Daily or almost daily (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">What’s binge drinking?<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Binge drinking usually refers to drinking lots of alcohol in a short space of time or drinking to get drunk. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">There is no consistently agreed measure of binge drinking but drinking more than eight units on any day for men, and more than six units for women, is the measure normally used.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The vital thing is to avoid drinking heavily in one session or drinking to intoxication.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Binge drinking is a major factor in accidents, violence and anti-social behaviour.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">4.</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">How often during the last year have you failed to do what was normally expected from you because of your drinking?</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) Never (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Less than monthly (1 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) Monthly (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">d) Weekly (3 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e) Daily or almost daily (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm;">
<span class="GramE"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">5.How</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> often during the last year have you found that you were not able to stop drinking once you had started?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) Never (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Less than monthly (1 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 18px; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) Monthly (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">d) Weekly (3 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e) Daily or almost daily (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">6. </span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">How often during the last year have you needed an alcoholic drink in the morning to get yourself going after a heavy drinking session?</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) Never (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Less than monthly (1 point)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) Monthly (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">d) Weekly (3 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e) Daily or almost daily (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="GramE"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">7.How</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> often during the last year have you had a feeling of guilt or remorse after drinking?</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) Never (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Less than monthly (1 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) Monthly (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">d) Weekly (3 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e) Daily or almost daily (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="GramE"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">8.How</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> often during the last year have you been unable to remember what happened the night before because you had been drinking?</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) Never (0 points)</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Occasionally (1 point)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) Monthly (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">d) Weekly (3 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e) Daily (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="GramE"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">9.Have</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> you or somebody else been injured as a result of your drinking?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) No, this has never happened (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Yes, but not in the past year (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) Yes, during the past year (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">10<span class="GramE">.Has</span> a relative, friend, doctor or health worker been concerned about your drinking or suggested you cut down?</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">a) No, never (0 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">b) Yes, but not in the past year (2 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">c) Yes, during the past year (4 points)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">RESULTS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">0-8 points<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Based on your answers today you're drinking in a way that is sociable and is unlikely to harm your health.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">As long as your drinking does remain within recommended levels, there is only a low risk that the way you drink will contribute to future health problems.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The NHS recommends that women should not regularly drink more than 2-3 units a day and men should not regularly drink more than 3-4 units a day.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Remember, there can be risks from one-off episodes of heavy drinking too.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">8-20 points<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Based on your answers today </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">your drinking does appear to be putting you at increased risk of developing health problems, so you might want to think about cutting down.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The following can help you cut down:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Work out a daily limit and stick to it.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Do more activities that don't involve drinking.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Eat before and while you're drinking.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Don't let anyone top up your drinks.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tell your friends you're cutting down.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Count your units.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The NHS recommends that women should not regularly drink more than 2-3 units a day and men should not regularly drink more than 3-4 units a day.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">20-100 points<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Based on your answers today your drinking is already causing you problems.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The NHS recommends that women should not regularly drink more than 2-3 units a day and men should not regularly drink more than 3-4 units a day.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">For more information please visit our website <a href="http://drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia.com.au</a> call us on our hotline 1300 660 636 or send an <a href="mailto:sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au">email enquiry</a></span></div>
<br />
Posted by <a href="http://drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a> Original at h<a href="ttp://www.nhs.uk/Tools/Documents/Alcohol%20self%20assessment.htm">ttp://www.nhs.uk/Tools/Documents/Alcohol%20self%20assessment.htm</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com22Mayfield NSW 2304, Australia-32.8976341 151.7369847-32.9242991 151.69664419999998 -32.870969099999996 151.7773252tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-79453663995593951692013-01-06T15:57:00.000-08:002013-01-06T15:57:52.072-08:00When social drinking becomes a problem<br /><span class="byline" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; display: block; margin: -1px -160px 21px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 12px; position: relative;"><span class="byline-name" style="color: #505050; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 1.231em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">By Melissa Hogenboom</span><span class="byline-title" style="color: #505050; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px;">BBC News</span><span class="byline-title" style="color: #505050; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><br /></span><span class="byline-title" style="display: block; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></span><br />
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Alcohol-related health issues among baby boomers are on the rise. Daily drinking can start off as a social event but turn into dependency, addiction experts say. So when does social drinking become alcoholism?</div>
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In the festive season, with office parties, Christmas, and new year, there is opportunity aplenty for yet another tipple.</div>
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Since the 1950s, alcohol consumption in the UK has gradually increased. The NHS now spends more on alcohol-related illness among baby boomers than any other age group, with £825m spent on 55 to 74-year-olds in 2010-11 compared to £64m on under-24s.</div>
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Estimates also suggest about nine per cent of men and three per cent of women in the UK show signs of alcohol dependence.</div>
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But it is the functioning alcoholic that can slip under the radar - before their health issues are severe enough to need treatment.</div>
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<img alt="Stressed woman drinking alcohol" src="http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/64417000/jpg/_64417028_78479946.jpg" /></div>
<span class="cross-head" style="color: #505050; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 1.231em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 16px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Straight vodka</span><div style="clear: left; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 1.077em; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: auto;">
Dr John Marsden, an alcohol and drug dependency expert from King's College London, says a typical functioning alcoholic can manage to hold down a job despite having a "very severe drinking problem that they have been incubating over a very long period".</div>
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"Alcohol problems are difficult to understand because they do not occur overnight. They are hidden from view which makes functioning alcoholics a group we cannot easily help."</div>
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Rob C, who is 61, was one of them. At his worst he was drinking 1.5 litres of straight vodka per day.</div>
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"Then I began to suffer blackouts, losing whole days and not remembering anything."</div>
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He would be first to arrive at work, which made him able to set out his "drinks for the day with what looked like a bottle of mineral water".</div>
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"I would hide bottles around the office. You think nobody else knows, that it doesn't smell, that you're getting away with it. But of course they did notice."</div>
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<span class="cross-head" style="color: #505050; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 1.231em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 16px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Life saver</span></div>
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For several years, maintaining a full-time finance job, he drank increasingly more during the day.</div>
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<a class="hidden" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20498044#story_continues_3" style="color: #4a7194; font-weight: bold; left: -5000px; position: absolute; text-decoration: initial; top: -5000px;">Continue reading the main story</a><h2 class="quote" style="background-image: url(http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/view/3_0_8/cream/hi/shared/img/story_sprite.png); background-position: 0px -188px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; clear: both; font-size: 1.231em; margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 6px 0px 5px; position: relative; text-indent: -500px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">
“<span style="display: block; margin: 0px 0px 5px; text-indent: -5000px;">Start Quote</span></h2>
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There was work, there was money and increasingly the motivation to alter ones mood quickly. Alcohol has been the drug of choice to do that”</div>
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<span class="quote-credit" style="clear: both; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 8px;">Dr John Marsden</span><span class="quote-credit-title" style="clear: both; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 8px;">Addiction expert</span></div>
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What started as a social pastime nearly cost him his relationship. Now sober for eight years, looking back he says that even if a colleague had said something at the time, he would not have listened.</div>
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"I resented the changes at work and told myself I deserved a drink. I would buy wine at lunchtime and drink it from a polystyrene cup."</div>
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Wine turned to vodka for a "bigger kick" and lunchtime turned to morning through to night.</div>
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Early retirement on medical grounds made his addiction worse. It was only when his partner threatened to kick him out that he sought help with Alcoholics Anonymous, who he says saved his life.</div>
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Rob is not alone. In the last decade there has been a 63% increase in prescriptions for the treatment of alcohol dependency in England, as well as a <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20410378" style="color: #4a7194; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16px; text-decoration: initial;">20% rise in deaths from liver disease</a>.</div>
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Prof Sir Ian Gilmore, a liver specialist and chair of the Alcohol Health Alliance, believes the number of people dying from liver disease will keep rising.</div>
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A silent killer</h2>
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<img alt="Illustration of liver" height="171" src="http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/64401000/jpg/_64401002_116031982.jpg" style="-webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; display: block; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: -9px 0px 17px; position: relative;" width="304" /></div>
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<li style="background-image: url(http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/view/3_0_8/cream/hi/shared/img/story_sprite.gif); background-position: -1200px 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 16px; text-rendering: auto;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/physical_health/conditions/in_depth/liver/liver_causes_of_disease.shtml" style="color: #4a7194; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: initial;">Most cases of liver disease</a> are attributed to alcohol, viral hepatitis or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/view/3_0_8/cream/hi/shared/img/story_sprite.gif); background-position: -1200px 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 16px; text-rendering: auto;">The liver has no pain fibres so there are often no signs that damage is happening</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/view/3_0_8/cream/hi/shared/img/story_sprite.gif); background-position: -1200px 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 16px; text-rendering: auto;">Doctors recently unveiled a<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-19260423" style="color: #4a7194; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: initial;"> colour-coded blood test which can reveal the damage caused by excess drinking</a></li>
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<li style="background-image: none; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-rendering: auto;"><a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Tools/Pages/Alcoholcalculator.aspx?Tag=" style="color: #174f82; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: initial;">Are you drinking too much? Take the NHS test</a></li>
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The majority of people who have alcohol-related health problems are middle-aged, which Sir Ian says is a consequence of chronic alcohol misuse - many years of frequent heavy drinking, rather than binge drinking - a session of drinking large amounts of alcohol in a small space of time.</div>
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<img alt="Illustration of liver" src="http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/64401000/jpg/_64401002_116031982.jpg" /></div>
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But he says that though there is a big overlap, it is important to remember not all heavy social drinkers are dependent on alcohol.</div>
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"Some people can control their drinking after work, others can't. If people are frequently drinking harmful levels of alcohol - over 50 units a week for men, 35 for women - most will end up suffering some form of physical, mental or social harm."</div>
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A lifetime's worth of drinking is catching up with baby boomers, says Emily Robinson from the Alcohol Concern.</div>
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The charity hopes that their campaign, <a href="http://www.alcoholconcern.org.uk/campaign/dry-january" style="color: #4a7194; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16px; text-decoration: initial;">Dry January</a>, will help get people thinking about how much they drink, especially at home when units are harder to measure, and crucially, before they reach a stage where drinking is affecting their health.</div>
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"The issue of people drinking every day is worrying as it's a way of slipping into dependency, as you need to drink a little more each time to feel the same effects," she says.</div>
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Dr Marsden suggests the line between social drinking and dependency is clear. He says the first question that needs to be asked by clinicians or family members is: "Has anyone expressed concern to you about your drinking?"</div>
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<a class="hidden" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20498044#story_continues_5" style="color: #4a7194; font-weight: bold; left: -5000px; position: absolute; text-decoration: initial; top: -5000px;">Continue reading the main story</a><h2 style="border-bottom-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 1.231em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 11px 0px 12px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">
What's a unit?</h2>
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<li style="background-image: url(http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/view/3_0_8/cream/hi/shared/img/story_sprite.gif); background-position: -1200px 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 16px; text-rendering: auto;">Half a pint of standard strength (4%) beer, cider or lager</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/view/3_0_8/cream/hi/shared/img/story_sprite.gif); background-position: -1200px 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 16px; text-rendering: auto;">A single pub measure of spirit (25ml)</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/view/3_0_8/cream/hi/shared/img/story_sprite.gif); background-position: -1200px 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 16px; text-rendering: auto;">Half a standard glass of wine (175ml)</li>
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<li style="background-image: none; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-rendering: auto;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-16470686" style="color: #174f82; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: initial;">Alcohol units guide</a></li>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 1.077em; line-height: 18px;">This question assesses whether a person's </span><span style="line-height: 18px;">behavior</span><span style="font-size: 1.077em; line-height: 18px;"> has negatively impacted on someone close to them, he adds.</span></span></div>
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"If your alcohol consumption has caused a problem for someone else - I'm not rushing to label you an alcoholic but suggesting you need to take a closer look at your behaviour."</div>
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There is a clear reason the baby boomer generation is now most at risk from alcohol-related problems, argues Dr Marsden.</div>
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A hard-working generation led to an appetite for entertainment and relaxation.</div>
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"There was work, there was money and increasingly the motivation to alter one's mood quickly. Alcohol has been the drug of choice to do that."</div>
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For more information on Drug and Alcohol Testing visit <a href="http://drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia </a>or call 1300 660 636 or send an email inquiry to <a href="mailto:sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au">sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</a></div>
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<span class="byline-title" style="color: #505050; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><br /></span><span class="byline-title" style="color: #505050; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px;">Posted by <a href="http://drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></span><span class="byline-title" style="color: #505050; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helmet, Freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px;">Original <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20498044">http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20498044</a></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2Mayfield NSW 2304, Australia-32.8976341 151.7369847-32.9242991 151.69664419999998 -32.870969099999996 151.7773252tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-79116751743625341552013-01-06T15:37:00.004-08:002013-01-06T15:44:50.137-08:00Safe Workplace versus Privacy and Human Rights; Companies push for random drug, alcohol testing<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 39px;"><b>Two cases in Canada pit workplace safety against employee privacy and dignity</b></span><br />
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Two current high-profile legal cases, in which companies want to implement random testing of their employees for alcohol and/or drugs, may determine whether such testing expands in Canadian workplaces. At the centre of both cases is the need for a safe workplace versus privacy and human rights.</div>
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In New Brunswick, Irving Pulp and Paper wants employees at its mill operations to undergo random alcohol tests but the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union (CEP) is opposed. On Friday the case reached the Supreme Court of Canada.</div>
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In Alberta, Suncor Energy is trying to bring in a random drug and alcohol testing program for employees and contractors at its oilsands operations in Fort McMurray. The CEP is resisting Suncor's efforts, with an arbitration hearing that was scheduled for today postponed until Jan. 2.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="The Supreme Court of Canada is reviewing a case which will determine whether Irving Pulp and Paper can implement a random alcohol testing program at its mill operations in New Brunswick." src="http://www.cbc.ca/gfx/images/news/photos/2012/12/07/si-300-supreme-court-036758.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em style="border: 0px; color: #565656; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">The Supreme Court of Canada is reviewing a case which will determine whether Irving Pulp and Paper can implement a random alcohol testing program at its mill operations in New Brunswick.</em><span style="color: #565656; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; text-align: left;"> </span><em class="credit" style="border: 0px; color: #565656; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; margin: 1px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">(Blair Gable/Canadian Press)</em></td></tr>
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Calgary lawyer Birch Miller, who specializes in this area of law, writes that these cases will indicate "whether random alcohol and drug testing policies have a future in Canada."</div>
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Random drug testing arrived in Canada from the U.S., first for cross-border commercial truck and bus operations, as required by the U.S. government. In the U.S., where drug testing is federally regulated, random testing is prevalent everywhere, according to Peter Deines of CannAmm Occupational Testing Services, the largest occupational drug testing company in Canada.</div>
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Although they do have some clients in the U.S., as a Canadian company CannAmm can only long for the business opportunities in the U.S.</div>
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Random drug testing much more prevalent in U.S. than Canada</h3>
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Drug testing is prevalent in only a few industries in Canada. In an addition to cross-border transport, there's energy production, heavy industrial construction, potash and industrial engineering, Deines explained in an interview with CBC News.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Peter Deines of CanAmm Occupational Testing Services says that drug testing is prevalent in only a few industries in Canada but is prevalent everywhere in the U.S. " src="http://www.cbc.ca/gfx/images/news/photos/2012/12/07/si-220-peter-deines.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em style="border: 0px; color: #565656; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Peter Deines of CanAmm Occupational Testing Services says that drug testing is prevalent in only a few industries in Canada but is prevalent everywhere in the U.S.</em><span style="color: #565656; font-size: 11px; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; text-align: left;"></span><em class="credit" style="border: 0px; color: #565656; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; margin: 1px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">(Gregg Ingram/Courtesy CanAmm)</em></td></tr>
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He explains that in Canada the testing is mostly limited to "very safety-sensitive oriented workplaces," whereas in the U.S. there is no similar safety limit. Even in retail, financial, manufacturing, education, and health, American workers undergo random drug testing.</div>
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"The amount of testing Wal-Mart does in the United States greatly exceeds the entire number of tests that are done in the Canadian market," Deines says.</div>
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In the U.S. companies say they test for reasons other than safety — to identify theft risk, employee reliability, improve productivity — while in Canada the courts have only accepted workplace safety as a legitimate reason to do drug testing.</div>
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"The tradeoff in Canada is between the privacy and human rights element and the duty to provide a safe workplace," Deines explains.</div>
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Drug and alcohol testing 'discriminatory'</h3>
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The Canadian Human Rights Commission, which is appointed by Parliament, says in a policy paper on alcohol and drug testing that, "drug and alcohol testing are <em style="background-color: transparent; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">prima facie</em> discriminatory."</div>
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Alcohol or drug dependence, whether past or current, is considered a disability. Canadian law prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability.</div>
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The Commission adds that "discrimination based on the actual or perceived possibility that an individual may develop a drug or alcohol dependency in the future" is also prohibited.</div>
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However, "employers can justify discriminatory practices and rules if they are a <em style="background-color: transparent; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">bona fide</em> occupational requirement."</div>
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Employers can test for drugs or alcohol when there is reasonable evidence of substance abuse, after an accident or incident where the employee's role may have been a contributing factor, and as follow-up testing after treatment for drug abuse.</div>
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The conundrum under Canadian law involves random testing.</div>
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The Commission accepts that truckers and commercial bus drivers can be subject to random testing. In other industries, important factors in determining if random testing may be done include whether employees are under direct supervision; whether less invasive alternatives exist to "determine whether employees in safety-sensitive positions are impaired on the job;" evidence of high incidence of drug use on the job; and if the employer has a rehabilitation program in place.</div>
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Drugs tests don't determine impairment</h3>
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The Commission also draws a distinction between random testing for drugs versus alcohol. Noting that drug tests cannot measure whether a person is "under the influence" at the time of the test but only detect past drug use and not "whether that person is impaired at that moment, or is likely to be impaired while on the job."</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Suncor wants to implement random drug and alcohol testing for employees at its oilsands facility near Fort McMurray, Alta. " src="http://www.cbc.ca/gfx/images/news/photos/2012/12/07/si-300-suncor-02934221.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em style="border: 0px; color: #565656; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Suncor wants to implement random drug and alcohol testing for employees at its oilsands facility near Fort McMurray, Alta.</em><span style="color: #565656; font-size: 11px; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; text-align: left;"></span><em class="credit" style="border: 0px; color: #565656; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; margin: 1px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">(Jeff McIntosh/Canadian Press)</em></td></tr>
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Therefore, the Commission argues that "random drug tests cannot be shown to be reasonably necessary to accomplish the goal of ensuring that workers are not impaired by drugs while on the job." Also, requiring a drug test "as a condition of employment may be considered a discriminatory practice on the ground of disability or perceived disability."</div>
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Deines looks at the Canadian numbers for post-incident and reasonable cause testing and sees a problem. When testing in reasonable cause situations the results turn up positive about 30 per cent of the time. Deines explains that "because there are so many factors in the worksite, it's difficult to prove causality, but what you notice is a very high correlation between incidents and drug and alcohol abuse."</div>
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CannAmm reports that "[r]andom drug and alcohol testing has emerged in Canada as the most effective safety compliance tool in ensuring employee fitness in safety sensitive roles."</div>
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Opposition to random testing</h3>
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Abby Deshman, a lawyer with the Canadian Civil Liberties Association, argues that random testing "imposes a privacy-invasive, dignity-invasive regime on a large number of people without any real proof that these people are going to pose a threat to workplace safety," adding that "there's very little evidence that it does actually work as a deterrent."</div>
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(The CCLA is an intervener at the Supreme Court in the Irving case.)</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Abby Deshman, a lawyer with the Canadian Civil Liberties Union, considers random drug testing 'privacy-invasive and dignity-invasive' for employees. " src="http://www.cbc.ca/gfx/images/news/photos/2012/12/07/si-300-abby-deshman.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em style="border: 0px; color: #565656; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Abby Deshman, a lawyer with the Canadian Civil Liberties Union, considers random drug testing 'privacy-invasive and dignity-invasive' for employees. </em><span style="color: #565656; font-size: 11px; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; text-align: left;"></span><em class="credit" style="border: 0px; color: #565656; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; line-height: 13.433333396911621px; margin: 1px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">(Courtesy Abby Deshman)</em></td></tr>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">Deshman is especially concerned when companies say they want to bring in random testing "in the name of workplace safety without actually having any evidence that there's a problem in the workforce, or having an analysis that this is actually going to improve workplace safety."</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 15px;">Although the CHRC notes the difference between alcohol and drugs random tests, Deshman argues "some justification for the intrusion into worker dignity and privacy" is still needed.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px;">"Can you actually show us that there's an alcohol problem in the workplace, can you show us this policy is the best and least intrusive way of addressing those concerns and if these are questions that haven't been asked and answered…, then you shouldn't be intruding on employee privacy and dignity without it."</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px;">Deshman told CBC News she wants Canadian society "to critically reflect on workplace privacy violations even when they're done in the name of workplace safety and really demand we know exactly why they are being put in place, that there's a really good rationale, that it really does increase workplace safety and not just defer to a general assertion that this is a dangerous job and we need to take all precautions."</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px;">The jurisprudence in Canada is anything but definitive on random testing but the Irving and Suncor cases are expected to add some clarity. Meanwhile, other possible cases loom.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px;">The Toronto Transit Commission wants to bring in random drug and alcohol testing and the Canadian Forces want to greatly expand the number of troops subject to identifiable random drug testing, rather than just the anonymous testing program currently in place.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px;">For Deines and Deshman, both workplace safety and the dignity and privacy of employees must be considered.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">For more information on Drug Testing or Breath Testing, please contact us at <a href="http://drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a> on 1300 660 636 or email e</span><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 18.866666793823242px;">nquiries</span><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;"> to <a href="mailto:sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au">sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">Posted by <a href="http://drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a>, Original </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2012/12/07/f-random-drug-testing.html">http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2012/12/07/f-random-drug-testing.html</a></span></span></div>
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By Daniel Schwartz, <a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/credit.html" style="background-color: transparent; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 0px; color: #115278; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial; vertical-align: baseline;">CBC News</a> </h5>
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Posted: Dec 10, 2012 7:58 AM ET </h4>
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Last Updated: Dec 10, 2012 3:57 PM ET </h4>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com7Newcastle NSW 2304, Australia-32.8709867 151.72979639999994-32.9776797 151.56843489999994 -32.7642937 151.89115789999994tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-67742323707988533082012-12-20T15:20:00.001-08:002012-12-20T15:23:45.019-08:00About: Urine Drug Screen<br />
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A urine drug screen is designed to detect illegal (and some prescription) drugs in the urine.</div>
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How the Test is Performed</h2>
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It is necessary to collect a "clean-catch" (midstream) urine sample.</div>
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As you start to urinate, allow a small amount to fall into the toilet bowl (this clears the urethra of contaminants). Then, in a clean container, catch about 1 - 2 ounces of urine and remove the container from the urine stream. Give the container to the health care provider or assistant.</div>
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You may be asked to remove all your personal belongings. You will then be placed in a room where you have no access to your personal items or water. In this environment, you cannot dilute the sample, nor can you use someone else's urine for the test.</div>
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If the sample tests positive the sample is then taken to the laboratory for evaluation.</div>
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How the Test Will Feel</h2>
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The test involves only normal urination.</div>
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Why the Test is Performed</h2>
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The test is performed to detect the presence of illegal (and some prescription) drugs in your urine, which indicates recent use of the drugs.</div>
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Normal Results</h2>
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No drugs in the urine.</div>
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What Abnormal Results Mean</h2>
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If the test result is positive, it is helpful to confirm it with gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In some cases, a test will register a false positive. This can result from interfering factors such as some foods, prescription medications, and other drugs.</div>
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The GC-MS will help tell the difference between a false positive or a true positive, resulting from the presence of an illegal drug.</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Lucida Grande, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 19px;">View Our AS 4308 Compliant <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/products/urine-drug-testing/dt-4308/">Urine Test Kits</a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Lucida Grande, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 19px;">View Our <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/products/urine-drug-testing/dipcard/">Urine Drug Testing</a> Dipcards</span></span></div>
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Posted by <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></div>
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For more information go to <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</a></div>
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Email Enquiries: <a href="mailto:sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au">sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</a></div>
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Phone: 1300 660 636</div>
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Original http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003364.htm</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com657 Tourle Street, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-59.5621765 110.425287 -6.2075295 -166.95752500000003tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-3536314855925927432012-12-18T18:01:00.000-08:002012-12-18T18:01:18.926-08:00Drug testing set to increase among office workers<br />
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Posted by<a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/"> Drug Test Australia</a></div>
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Pre-employment testing is being brought back into public discussion after it was announced that Australian resources and construction companies may soon extend drug testing to their office based staff as employers move towards more egalitarian style workplaces.</div>
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Employers often use behavioural testing and other selection procedures to screen applicants for hire, and the types of tests and selection procedures vary, and can include cognitive tests, personality tests, skills tests, medical examinations, credit checks, and background checks.</div>
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Depending on the type of test, employment testing can be conducted either online or in the employer's office, with pre-employment screening services aimed at determining which applicants are legitimately qualified and fit for the advertised role from those who are not up to task.<br />
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Pre-employment checks are often used by employers as a means of objectively evaluating a job candidate's qualifications, character, fitness, and to identify potential hiring risks for safety and security reasons. As such, risk minimisation is one of the most common reasons for organisations to begin drug and alcohol testing.</div>
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Different companies will have different requirements for their employee drug testing program. Options can include pre-employment drug testing, random drug testing, for cause drug testing, post-incident drug testing, target drug testing, annual physical drug testing, pre-promotion drug testing, treatment follow up drug testing and return to work drug testing. However, should it be conducted on office workers?</div>
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Managing Director of Employment Office, Tudor Marsden- Huggins, said there was a growing trend towards employers moving to a ‘one size fits all’ approach to ensure all staff were treated equally. “Many employers are questioning whether it’s fair to have one rule for some staff and a different one for others,” Mr Marsden-Huggins said.</div>
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“What this means is that everyone from miners and construction workers in high risk areas right through to secretaries and finance staff in generally safer roles at some organisations may have to undergo random drug testing,” he said.</div>
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Mr Marsden-Huggins said the issue was causing headaches for human resources staff as they balanced their employee’s right to privacy with the desire to create an equal workplace.</div>
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“Whilst drug testing in high risk roles is accepted as necessary for health and safety reasons, I expect some office workers may question if it is justified for their particular position such as those working behind a computer all day,” Mr Marsden-Huggins said.</div>
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“Unfortunately drug use is a problem in Australia and HR departments must tread carefully to balance the right to privacy with creating healthy, happy and productive workforces,” Mr Marsden- Huggins said.</div>
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Ultimately though, pre-employment testing such as drug testing will increase the likelihood of you securing supreme quality, skills-matched candidates that are going to be an idyllic culture fit and enduring assets – saving you time and money long term.</div>
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<strong><span style="color: #333333;">Peter Orthmann Hansen</span></strong></div>
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Original http://www.employmentoffice.com.au/recruitment-news/17/07/12/drug-testing-set-increase-among-office-workers</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2Sydney NSW, Australia-33.8674869 151.20699020000006-34.712017900000006 149.91609670000005 -33.0229559 152.49788370000007tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-18498451222064542862012-12-17T15:14:00.001-08:002012-12-17T15:14:56.512-08:00Drugs and Driving FAQs<br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em;">Posted By <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">1. Who will be required to submit to a roadside drug test?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Any driver, motorcycle rider or supervising licence holder on a NSW road or road related area maybe required to undertake one or more oral fluid tests for the presence of the three illicit drugs.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Vehicle passengers other than supervisors of learner licence holders will not be required to undertake an oral fluid test.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Specific NSW Police operations will target heavy vehicle drivers.<br />Police will also target roads around venues used for ‘rave’ and dance parties, suspected by Police to be linked to drug driving. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">2. What drugs will be detected by roadside drug testing and why have these drugs been chosen?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Roadside drug testing will detect the following three illicit drugs:</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of cannabis.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Methylamphetamine (‘ice’, ‘speed’, ‘crystal meth’ ‘base’ etc).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">These three drugs are known to be among the most prevalent illicit drugs used by drivers. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">A recent Roads and Maritime Services (replacing Roads and Traffic Authority) study of drug driving in NSW revealed that of those who reported driving on drugs, the most common drug was cannabis at 81 per cent followed by ecstasy at 13 per cent and speed at 10 per cent.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Driving after using cannabis results in longer reaction times, alters distance and time perception, lowers concentration, coordination, alertness and ability to react, and narrows or blurs vision.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Driving after using stimulants such as ecstasy and speed/ice increases risk taking and aggressive driving, causes loss of concentration, and causes blurry or limited vision.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">3. How long after using cannabis can delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) be detected?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Roadside drug testing technology will detect recent usage of cannabis by detecting delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in cannabis.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) will be able to be detected for several hours after use of cannabis, though the exact time will vary, for example depending on the amount and potency of the cannabis used.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">4. How long after consuming ecstasy or methylamphetamine (speed, ice etc) can these drugs be detected?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Roadside drug testing technology will detect recent usage of speed, ice and ecstasy. In some cases these drugs may be detected by roadside drug screening technology for up to 48 hours after use, though the exact time will vary depending for example on the amount taken, the potency of the drug (ie ice has a much higher potency than speed) and how the drugs have been taken.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">5. Will delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from passive smoking be detected in oral fluid?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">No. There is no evidence to suggest that any THC in the oral fluid as a result of passive smoking will be able to be detected by the oral fluid testing technology.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">6. How will roadside drug testing work?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Police will conduct a preliminary oral fluid test through the window of your vehicle.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">You will be required to lick the test pad of the device. A result will be known in about five minutes.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">7. How long will an oral fluid test take?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">A preliminary oral fluid test will take about five minutes. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If you test negative to this test you will be able to drive away.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">However, if you test positive to the first test you will have to get out of your vehicle and go with a Police officer to provide an oral fluid sample in the Police support vehicle.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In the Police truck you will provide a sample of your oral fluid, which will be tested using a different oral fluid screening device. This second test should take about 20 minutes.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If you test positive to this test you will be prohibited from driving for 24 hours by Police, and the remaining portion of your oral fluid sample from this test will be sent to the State’s analytical laboratory, the Division of Analytical Laboratories for confirmatory analysis.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">8. Will I be required to leave my vehicle to undertake an oral fluid test?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">No, not for the preliminary oral fluid test. Police will conduct this first test through the window of your car.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">However, if you test positive you will have to get out of your vehicle and go with a Police officer to provide a second oral fluid sample in the Police support vehicle.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">9. What will happen to a driver who tests positive to the roadside drug test?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If you test positive to the preliminary oral fluid test you will have to get out of your vehicle and go with a Police officer to provide a second oral fluid sample in the Police support vehicle. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In the Police support vehicle you will provide a sample of your oral fluid, which will be tested using a different oral fluid screening device. This second test should take about 20 minutes. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If you test positive to this test you will not be charged at this time, however, you will be prohibited from driving for 24 hours by Police. The remaining portion of your second oral fluid test will be sent to a laboratory for confirmatory analysis. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If the presence of one or more of these three drugs is confirmed by the laboratory, you will receive a Court Attendance Notice within a few weeks of your roadside drug test with the charge of driving with the presence of an illicit drug.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">10. Will drivers who return positive result to a roadside drug test be allowed to drive before laboratory analysis of the test is complete?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If you test positive to this test you will not be charged at this time, however, you will be prohibited from driving for 24 hours by Police.<br />After this 24 hour period you can resume driving.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">11. For drivers who return positive results to roadside drug test, when and how will they receive results from laboratory analyses?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If the presence of one or more of an illicit drug is confirmed by the laboratory, you will receive a Court Attendance Notice within a few weeks of your roadside drug test with the charge of driving with the presence of an illicit drug.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The Court Attendance Notice will include the details of the charge as well as the time, date and location of their court attendance. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">You will have to attend court, which will be local to the location of the offence, to face the charge of drive with the presence of an illicit drug.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">12. Will medications be detected by roadside drug tests? </span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The oral fluid test will not detect the presence of prescription drugs including medicines with amphetamine–like substances or common over the counter medications, such as cold and flu tablets.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Oral fluid tests will only detect delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) the active component in cannabis, methylamphetamine (speed, ice, crystal meth, base) and methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA) ecstasy - substances that are not legally prescribed in Australia.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">13. Why is oral fluid tested rather than blood or urine?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Collecting oral fluid from drivers at the roadside is much easier than collecting a blood or urine sample.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Oral fluid testing devices are a non-invasive, rapid and reliable way to screen for drugs at the roadside.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">14. How accurate is the oral fluid drug screening technology?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The oral fluid test is a screening test only. Oral fluid drug screening technology provides a reliable indicative result in a matter of minutes, making it ideal for use as a roadside screening device but not for an evidentiary result to be used at court.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Those who are screened as being drug positive will be required to provide a further additional oral fluid sample for further testing.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Only a positive drug result from the Government’s analytical laboratory can be used to prosecute for a drug driving offence.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">15. What are the penalties if the laboratory confirms the presence of one or more of the three illicit drugs in your oral fluid sample?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The penalty for a first offence is a maximum $1,100 fine and three (minimum) to six months (maximum) licence disqualification. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The penalty for a second or subsequent offence is a maximum $2,200 fine and licence disqualification for minimum six months up to an unlimited period.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">16. What happens if a driver refuses to be tested?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If a person refuses to be tested at the roadside they can be fined $1,100. They will also have to accompany a Police officer to the Police truck where they will have to provide a sample of their oral fluid.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If they refuse to provide an oral fluid sample a maximum fine of $3,300 applies, plus licence disqualification for a minimum of six months up to an unlimited period.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">A driver who refuses to be tested can also be prohibited from driving for 24 hours by Police.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">17. What happens if I am unable to provide an oral fluid sample?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">A person who has genuinely attempted but is unable to provide a sample of their oral fluid will be required by Police to provide a sample of blood in lieu of an oral fluid sample.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The person will be taken by Police to a hospital to have the blood sample taken. The state’s analytical laboratory will analyse the sample for the presence of any drug.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">If they refuse to provide a blood sample then a maximum $3,300 fine applies. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 1.3em;">18. Don’t stimulants such as </span><span style="font-size: 21px;">methylamphetamine</span><span style="font-size: 1.3em;"> (speed, ice, crystal meth, base) make you a more alert driver?</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">While methylamphetamine, in its various forms, can increase your alertness they can also cause you to: </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Take more risks. </span></div>
</li>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Drive aggressively. </span></div>
</li>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Believe you drive better than you really can.</span></div>
</li>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Be overstimulated and lose concentration. </span></div>
</li>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Have blurry or limited vision. </span></div>
</li>
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<span style="background-color: white;">See things on the road that aren’t where you think they are. </span></div>
</li>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Have scattered thoughts or delusions.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Driving when you’re coming down is also very dangerous. When the effects of stimulants are wearing off your driving is still affected. You may fall asleep at the wheel.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">19. Will oral fluid samples be destroyed when the evidentiary drug analysis is complete?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">No, the remaining proportion will be stored at the laboratory for six months.<br />This is so a person can apply for a portion of their own sample to be independently analysed by another laboratory at their own expense.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">20. What about other illicit drugs?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Drivers found to be impaired by any illicit drug can currently be prosecuted under existing Police powers for the drive under the influence offence.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">There is also a new offence of drive with the presence of cocaine or morphine (heroin) in blood or urine; however drivers will not be randomly tested for these drugs using a roadside drug test.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">21. Can drivers be charged with both drug and alcohol offences?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Yes. It will be possible for a person to be prosecuted for a prescribed concentration of alcohol offence as well as an offence of presence of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of cannabis, methylamphetamine (‘ice’, ‘speed’, ‘crystal meth’ ‘base’ etc) and methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">However, if a person is prosecuted for a drive under the influence offence, they cannot also be prosecuted for a prescribed concentration of alcohol offence or presence of drugs offence.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">22. If a driver tests positive to drugs will they be searched, or have their vehicles or property searched?</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Police already have the power to search persons and vehicles for drugs or other items if they have reasonable grounds to suspect evidence of an offence may be found there.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In most cases, no search will occur. However, there could be evidence of drug or other offences apparent to police administering the test. In these circumstances they have the power to conduct a search. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.983333587646484px;">For More Information, please contact </span></span><a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/" style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.983333587646484px;">Drug Test Australia</a><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.983333587646484px;"> at their website </span></span><a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/" style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.983333587646484px;">www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</a><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.983333587646484px;"> or call or email us at;</span></span></span></div>
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Email Enquiries: <a href="mailto:sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au">sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</a></div>
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Phone Enquiries: 1300 660 636 or (02)49203225</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a;">Original Article; </span><span style="color: #1a1a1a;">http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/roadsafety/alcoholdrugs/drugdriving/drugdrivingfaqs.html</span></span><br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com057 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-59.5621765 110.425287 -6.2075295 -166.95752500000003tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-80276232918790564142012-12-13T15:22:00.000-08:002012-12-13T15:22:36.478-08:00Spot saliva test a way to curb drugged drivers<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<img alt="A RIDE program. (QMI Agency)" src="http://storage.canoe.ca/v1/dynamic_resize/sws_path/suns-prod-images/1297344169567_ORIGINAL.jpg?quality=80&size=650x&stmp=1354741641724" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15px; text-align: start;">A RIDE program. (QMI Agency)</span><br />
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 15px;">We’ve all heard of roadside breathalyser tests when it comes to drinking and driving.</span></span></div>
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But spot saliva tests for drug use?</div>
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That’s the recommendation from two Western University legal experts who have tabled a study on drug use and driving for Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) Canada.</div>
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Western law professors Erika Chamberlain and Robert Solomon claim that while the number of people driving while high on drugs is up, enforcement is lax when it comes to charging people with impaired driving because drug use is often hard to prove.</div>
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“You have more and more young people admitting to driving after drug use, not just after consuming alcohol,” said Chamberlain.</div>
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“I don’t think people realize that this is a growing problem,” said Chamberlain.</div>
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Already used in Australia and some European cities, roadside saliva tests are a quick and easy way to check for drugs, Chamberlain said.</div>
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Just like a breathalyzer, which detects the driver’s blood alcohol level, the saliva test would be used to test targeted drugs and the amount in the driver’s system.</div>
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While it’s likely going to be a few years before we see roadside saliva tests as frequently as we see drunk driving blitzes, Chamberlain said, drug-impaired driving is not an issue the government can ignore.</div>
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“It’s just going to become a greater and greater problem,” she said.</div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7206579172720709689" style="background-color: transparent; color: #0044aa; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial; vertical-align: baseline;">alex.weber@sunmedia.ca</a></div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">BY THE NUMBERS</strong></div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">500 </strong>— Officers in Canada qualified to conduct DREs.</div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">$17,000 </strong>— Cost to train each officer.</div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2 </strong>— Officers in the London police force trained in DRE.</div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">65,183 </strong>— Impaired driving charges laid in Canada in 2010.</div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">915</strong> — Of those impaired charges were for drug-impaired driving.</div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">WHAT’S RECOMMENDED</strong></div>
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A roadside saliva test administered by police officers to screen drivers suspected of being high on drugs while behind the wheel.</div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">HOW IT WORKS</strong></div>
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<li style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: disc outside; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The test would be similar to ones used in the Australian state of Victoria, where police officers are able to demand a saliva sample from any driver at the roadside.</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: disc outside; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The driver uses a swab to provide a saliva sample and if it tests positive for any of the targeted drugs, the driver must accompany police and take a second test, which is sent to a lab to be analyzed.</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: disc outside; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If that test is also positive the driver is charged.</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: disc outside; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">For the system to work, the government would have to establish a specific amount for each of the drugs targeted that would mean the driver was in fact “high” at the time of the test, because some drugs can stay in a person’s body long after the impairing affects have worn off.</li>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">SKEPTICISM</strong></div>
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While DREs accurately determine if a person has drugs in their system, the courts remain skeptical about the link between the presence of drugs in a driver’s system and impairment because some drugs can stay in a person’s body long after the effects have worn off.</div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ENFORCEMENT NOW</strong></div>
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Under the Criminal Code, it’s difficult for police officers to determine if someone is driving while high. If an officer suspects someone is driving while impaired by drugs they can administer a physical co-ordination test before launching a multi-step Drug Recognition Evaluation (DRE), a process designed to reveal whether a driver is impaired by one of the seven classes of frequently abused drugs — depressants, inhalants, phencyclidine, cannabis, stimulants, hallucinogens and narcotics.</div>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">WHO’S DRIVING HIGH?</strong></div>
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<li style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: disc outside; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Over the last decade, driving while high on drugs has become more common in Canada.</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: disc outside; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A 2007 Health Canada study found that nearly 40% of people ages 15 to 24 reported driving within two hours of using cannabis, compared with the 20% that reported driving after drinking alcohol.</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: disc outside; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A 2011 study comparing alcohol and drug use among fatally injured drivers from the Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse found one-third of the drivers had drugs in their system.</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: disc outside; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Unlike drunk drivers who tend to be more prevalent at night and on weekends, drug-positive drivers are spread relatively evenly across days of the week.</li>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 15px;">Posted by <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">See our Australian Standard <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/products/saliva-drug-testing/toxsure/">Saliva Tests</a> </span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://drugtestaustralia.com.au/">drugtestaustralia.com.au</a></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Phone: 1300 660 636</span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Email Enquiries: <a href="mailto:sales@drugtestaustraliua.com.au">sales@drugtestaustraliua.com.au</a></span></div>
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By <a href="http://www.lfpress.com/author/alex-weber" style="background-color: transparent; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0044aa; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial; vertical-align: baseline;">Alex Weber</a>, The London Free Press</div>
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<time datetime="2012-11-29T03:27:34Z" style="background-color: transparent; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 0px; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Thu Nov 29 2012 14:27:34 GMT+1100 (AUS Eastern Daylight Time)">Wednesday, November 28, 2012 10:27:34 EST PM</time></div>
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Original Article http://www.lfpress.com/2012/11/28/spot-saliva-test-a-way-to-curb-drugged-drivers</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com257 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-7025204484016235262012-12-13T15:16:00.001-08:002012-12-13T15:21:57.272-08:00Kiwi Kronic 'king' facing drug charges in Australia<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="background-color: white;">New Zealand's "king" of legal cannabis faces trafficking charges in Australia after allegedly being found with a "commercial quantity" of drugs.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">Matthew Wielenga was arrested about 8pm on Friday in the Melbourne suburb of Southbank. The 30-year-old is facing charges of trafficking a commercial quantity of synthetic cannabinoids and two counts of possessing a drug of dependence.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The Melbourne Magistrates Court yesterday heard he was found with more than 100kg of Kronic, a synthetic marijuana product, and 1kg of white powder said to be a synthetic cocaine sold as Diablo.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The alleged drugs are yet to be analysed and Wielenga had made no admissions, the court heard.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Defence lawyer Greg Barns said the elements of Kronic kept changing and might not fall within the substances banned by Victorian law.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Wielenga was granted bail on a A$100,000 surety and is to reappear in court on March 18.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Dressed in jeans and a dark T-shirt, he appeared to be listening intently throughout the court hearing.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The New Zealander must stay at an address in the suburb of Richmond, report to local police daily and surrender his passport.</span></div>
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" 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<span style="background-color: white;">Wielenga is a director of Lightyears Ahead, the company responsible for bringing Kronic to New Zealand. Kronic is laced with chemicals mimicking cannabis and is often much stronger than the real thing. It was banned in New Zealand in August.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Wielenga, who ran his lucrative Kronic empire from Albany on Auckland's North Shore, is understood to have travelled to Australia with about nine of his employees last week. The group were in Australia for a music festival, a source said.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Nisha Din, described as the general manager of Lightyears Ahead, said the firm strongly denied any illegal activity.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">She referred the Herald to Wellington law firm Chen Palmer.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Partner Mai Chen did not return calls last night.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Wielenga describes his party pill business on his Facebook page: "I run my own company that provides products to get people high. They are sold all over the world, which gives me a great excuse to travel."</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">- <i>Anna Leask, NZ Herald</i></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.odt.co.nz/news/sources/apnz" style="background-color: white; color: #237fb3; text-decoration: initial;">APNZ</a><br />
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original; <a href="http://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/238659/kiwi-kronic-king-facing-drug-charges-australia">http://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/238659/kiwi-kronic-king-facing-drug-charges-australia</a><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com057 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-36041364398149834272012-12-11T14:16:00.000-08:002012-12-11T14:16:14.683-08:00Police take 1700 drink or drug-affected drivers off the streets<br />
<div class="story-intro" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Drug driving" src="http://resources2.news.com.au/images/2012/08/12/1226381/233342-drug-driving.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="caption-text" style="color: #333333; font-size: 11px; line-height: 15.933333396911621px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">Police test drivers for drugs. Picture: Tim Carrafa </span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 11px; line-height: 15.933333396911621px; text-align: left;"></span><span class="image-source" style="color: #333333; font-size: 11px; line-height: 15.933333396911621px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><em>Source:</em> Sunday Herald Sun</span></td></tr>
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<strong>POLICE have taken 1700 drink or drug-affected drivers off the streets of Victoria in the first phase of its summer road enforcement campaign.</strong></div>
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Operation RAID – Remove All Impaired Drivers – detected more than 36,500 traffic offences during the past three weeks, 3000 more than in the same period last year.<br /><br />Assistant Commissioner for Road Policing Robert Hill said he was astounded.<br /><br />“It just astounds me that despite the research, despite the education, despite the heartache, people are still willing to risk their lives on the road,” Mr Hill said.<br /><br />“I look at incidents like the terrible collision that claimed five lives in Lara over the weekend and wonder what more we as police could have done?”<br /><br />“But it’s not just up to the police. Everyone needs to play their part and show some responsibility – drivers, passengers and pedestrians alike,” he added.</div>
<div class="story-promo story-promo-middle" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
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<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">One driver, a 58 year old Yarrawonga man, was seen talking on a mobile phone and holding a can of beer while unsuccessfully trying to steer his Holden ute along the Murray Valley Highway in Cobram East around 2.35 last Thursday.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">“The incident occurred at the same location where two days prior, a 20-year-old Mulwala woman was killed after her vehicle collided with a tree,” Victoria Police spokeswoman Cath Allen said.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">One disqualified motorist was caught with drugs in his system in the same location in Bittern and same operation as he had the year before.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">And five drug drivers were detected in the Mornington Peninsula area all on Saturday night.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">“Over the last three weeks during this operation, we’ve breath tested 671,863 motorists and drug tested a further 1580 motorists,” Mr Hill said.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">"We’ve had more police on the road than ever, working around the clock to deter and take these risk-takers off our roads.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">“My challenge to all road users, two weeks out from Christmas, is stay safe or stay off the road this summer,” he added.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">The operation detected:</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 1580 drink driving offences</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 196 drug driving offences</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 1092 disqualified/suspended drivers</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 1542 unlicensed drivers </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 3191 unregistered vehicles </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 10,819 speeding offences </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 3152 mobile phone offences </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 2576 disobey signs/signals </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 262 impoundments </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">• 1528 seat belt offences. </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">The 52-day campaign will run across Victoria until January 9. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18.883333206176758px;">Posted By <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></span><br />
<br />
Original http://www.news.com.au/national/police-take-1700-drink-or-drug-affected-drivers-off-the-streets-of-victoria/story-fndo4cq1-1226533910237<br />
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<ul style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<li class="byline first " style="display: block; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 147px;"><cite style="display: block; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; width: 147px;">Jon Kaila</cite></li>
<li class="source " style="display: block; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 147px;"><cite style="display: block; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; width: 147px;"><a class="source-heraldsun" href="http://www.heraldsun.com.au/" style="color: #707070; text-decoration: initial;">Herald Sun</a></cite></li>
<li class="date-and-time last" style="display: block; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 147px;"><span class="datestamp" style="clear: both; display: block; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 147px;">December 11, 2012</span><span class="timestamp" style="clear: both; display: block; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 147px;">12:00AM</span></li>
</ul>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com057 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-11477057900542587532012-12-10T21:43:00.000-08:002012-12-10T21:43:24.366-08:00Kronic Test: Available from Drug Test AustraliaDrug Test Australia now stocks testing kits for <a href="http://drugtestaustraliablog.blogspot.com.au/2012/10/synthetic-cannabis-frequently-asked.html">Synthetic Marijuana</a> (Kronic).<br />
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This drug is widely used now in Australia by employees from all industries and sectors, with reports of growing popularity in the mining and fabrication sectors.<br />
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Employees use this drug in place of marijuana because it is widely believed to be 'non-detectable' in drug tests. Urine or Saliva.<br />
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This was true, until now.<br />
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Introducing the <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/media/documents/Synthetic_Cannabis.pdf">K2 Spice Test</a>, a single dip cassette test, for use in urine testing that will detect synthetic Cannabinoids in human urine. These tests can be used on their own, or in conjunction with conventional <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/products/urine-drug-testing/dt-4308/">urine test</a> to effectively screen your workforce!<br />
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For more information, please contact us;<br />
Website: <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</a><br />
Phone: 1300 660 636<br />
Email: <a href="mailto:sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au">sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</a><br />
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<img alt="K2-Spice dip test image" src="http://www.drugcheck.com/_images/Dip_Single_K2-Spice_72-450.jpg" />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com257 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-89740157966229803212012-12-10T16:13:00.002-08:002012-12-10T16:14:07.357-08:00Synthetic Pot (Kronic) Sends Thousands to Hospital : US Report<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 16px;"><b>Posted By <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></b></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 16px;">The Drug Abuse Warning Network says drugs like Spice and K2, marketed as legal, fake pot and labelled as herbal incense, are sending teenagers and young adults to emergency rooms around the country.</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 16px;">In 59% of the cases, doctors found no other substance, differing from most emergency department visits involving illicit drugs.</span></span></span><br />
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<img alt="Synthetic Pot Sends Thousands to Hospital" src="http://www.cio-today.com/images/id/2104/health-marijuana-fda.jpg" /><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 17px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">K2, Spice and other synthetic drugs that mimic a marijuana high sent 11,406 people -- mostly teenagers and young adults -- to the emergency room in 2010, according to the first report on the substances from the federal government's Drug Abuse Warning Network.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 17px;">The report, the first to analyse the impact of the popular herbal incense, found that children ages 12 to 17 accounted for a third of the emergency room visits. Young adults ages 18 to 24 accounted for an additional 35%.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">In 59% of the cases involving patients ages 12 to 29, doctors found no other substance, differing from most emergency department visits involving illicit drugs and painkiller abuse.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Marijuana, the most popular illicit drug with 18 million regular users, sent 461,028 people to the emergency room in 2010.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">"This report confirms that synthetic drugs cause substantial damage to public health and safety," Office of National Drug Control Policy Director Gil Kerlikowske said.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 17px;">Spice and K2, marketed as legal, fake pot and labelled as herbal incense, emerged in 2009 as popular drugs among teens and college students, who could buy the substances online and in convenience stores.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 17px;">Problems quickly emerged. Doctors reported teenagers arriving in the emergency room with high fevers and strange behaviour.</span></span></div>
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" 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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 17px;">Police in Nebraska in 2010 arrested a teenage boy who had smoked Wicked X, herbal incense coated with synthetic Cannabinoids The teen careened his truck into the side of a house and then continued driving.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">At least 18 states outlawed the substances and the Drug Enforcement Administration instituted an emergency ban. In July, Congress banned sales of K2, Spice and other synthetic drugs under the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act.</span></div>
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" 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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="byline" style="line-height: 15px;">By Donna Leinwand Leger</span> </span><br />
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<tr><td valign="top"><span class="smalltext" style="line-height: 15px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">December 8, 2012 8:52AM </span></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Original http://www.cio-today.com/news/Synthetic-Pot-Sickens-Thousands/story.xhtml?story_id=020002GO886G&full_skip=1</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">For more information, please contact <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Phone. 1300 660 636</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Email. sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com557 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-3088310853043616772012-12-10T14:12:00.000-08:002012-12-10T14:12:16.602-08:00Bath Salts Laws: Officials Struggle To Regulate New Recipes For Synthetic Drugs: US<br />
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Posted by Drug Test Australia</div>
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Original http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/25/bath-salts-laws_n_1701339.html</div>
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<span class="bold color_1A1A1A" style="border: none; color: rgb(26, 26, 26) !important; font-family: Arial, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold !important; line-height: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">By MATTHEW PERRONE</span><span style="color: #999999; font-family: Arial, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16px;"> 07/25/12 02:17 PM ET </span><span class="ap" style="border: none; color: #d62d1c; font-family: Arial, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><img alt="AP" height="18" src="http://s.huffpost.com/images/v/ap_wire.png" style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="18" /></span></div>
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WASHINGTON — People are inventing so many new ways to get high that lawmakers can't seem to keep up.</div>
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Over the past two years, the U.S. has seen a surge in the use of synthetic drugs made of legal chemicals that mimic the dangerous effects of cocaine, amphetamines and other illegal stimulants.</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Century, Times, serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px;">The drugs are often sold at small, independent stores in misleading packaging that suggests common household items like bath salts, incense and plant food. But the substances inside are powerful, mind-altering drugs that have been linked to bizarre and violent behaviour across the country. Law enforcement officials refer to the drugs collectively as "bath salts," though they have nothing in common with the fragrant toiletries used to moisturise skin.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Century, Times, serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px;">President Barack Obama signed a bill into law earlier this month that bans the sale, production and possession of more than two dozen of the most common bath salt drugs. But health professionals say lawmakers cannot keep pace with bath salt producers, who constantly adjust their chemical formulations to come up with new synthetic drugs that aren't covered by new laws. Experts who have studied the problem estimate there are more than 100 different bath salt chemicals in circulation.</span></span></div>
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<img alt="Bath Salts" src="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/700716/thumbs/s-BATH-SALTS-large.jpg" /></div>
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"The moment you start to regulate one of them, they'll come out with a variant that sometimes is even more potent," said Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Century, Times, serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px;">There are no back alleys or crack houses in America's latest drug epidemic. The problem involves potent substances that amateur chemists make, package and sell in stores under brands like "Ivory Wave," "Vanilla Sky" and "Bliss" for as little as $15. Emergencies related to the drugs have surged: The American Association of Poison Control Centres received more than 6,100 calls about bath salt drugs in 2011 – up from just 304 the year before – and more than 1,700 calls in the first half of 2012.</span></span></div>
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The problem for lawmakers is that it's difficult to crack down on the drugs. U.S. laws prohibit the sale or possession of all substances that mimic illegal drugs, but only if federal prosecutors can show that they are intended for human use. People who make bath salts and similar drugs work around this by printing "not for human consumption" on virtually every packet.</div>
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Barbara Carreno, a spokeswoman for the Drug Enforcement Agency, said the intended use for bath salts is clear.</div>
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"Everyone knows these are drugs to get high, including the sellers," she said.</div>
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Many states have banned some of the most common bath salts, which are typically sold by small businesses like convenience stores, tobacco shops and adult book stores. For instance, West Virginia legislators banned the bath salt drug MDPV last year, making it a misdemeanor to sell, buy or possess the synthetic drug. Conviction means up to six months in jail and a $1,000 fine.</div>
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Stephanie Mitchell, assistant manager of The Den, a tobacco and paraphernalia shop in Morgantown, W.Va., said the store hasn't sold bath salts in the six months that she's worked there. But strung-out users still come in and ask for them.</div>
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"They're pretty ... cracked out, I guess would be a good word," said Mitchell, 21, a student at West Virginia University. "They're just kind of not all there. They're kind of sketchy people."</div>
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Mitchell says she wouldn't sell bath salts even if she had them, "because it's horrible, and I could get in trouble for it."</div>
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Despite the bans, bath salts producers are constantly tweaking their recipes to come up with new drugs that aren't covered by local laws. In fact, Mark Ryan, director of the Louisiana Poison Center, says there are so many different drugs out there that it's almost impossible to know what people have ingested, or how long the effects will last.</div>
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"Cocaine is cocaine and meth is meth. We know what these things do," he said. "But with these new drugs, every time the chemist alters the chemical structure, all bets are off."</div>
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THE SPREAD</div>
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The most common bath salt drugs, like MDPV and mephedrone, were first developed in pharmaceutical research laboratories, though they were never approved for medical use. During the last decade they became popular as party drugs at European raves and dance clubs. As law enforcement began cracking down on the problem there, the drugs spread across the Atlantic Ocean.</div>
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Poison control centers in the U.S. began tracking use of the drugs in 2010. The majority of the early reports of drug use were clustered in Southern states like Louisiana, Tennessee and Kentucky. But the problem soon spread across the country.</div>
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The financial lure for small-time drugmakers is enticing. The drugs can be cheaply imported from China or India, and then easily packaged under local brands. For example, bath salts sold in Louisiana carry regional names like Hurricane Charlie or Bayou.</div>
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The widespread availability of the drugs in stores is equally alluring for drug users: they can get a cheap high similar to that of illegal drugs by walking to a corner store.</div>
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The most dangerous synthetic drugs are stimulants that affect levels of both dopamine and serotonin, brain chemicals that affect mood and perception. Users, who typically smoke or snort the powder-based drugs, may experience a surge in energy, fever and delusions of invincibility.</div>
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Use of these drugs has spread across the country with reports stretching from Maine to California. There are no official federal estimates on deaths connected with the drugs, many of which do not show up on typical drug tests. But police reports have implicated the drugs in several cases.</div>
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Packets of "Lady Bubbles" bath salts, for instance, were found on Sgt. David Franklyn Stewart last April after the solider shot and killed his wife and himself during a car chase with law enforcement near Olympia, Wash.</div>
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The chase began when Stewart sped past a police patrol car at 6 a.m. The police trooper pursued for 10 miles and reported seeing the driver raise a hand to his head, then heard a shot and saw the driver slump over. The next day police found the couple's 5-year-old son dead in their home; he had been suffocated with a plastic bag at least 24 hours earlier.</div>
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Another death involving bath salts played out in Covington, La. Police reported that Dickie Sanders, 21, shot himself in the head Nov. 11, 2010 while his parents were asleep.</div>
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His father, Dr. Richard Sanders, said his son had snorted "Cloud 9" bath salts and endured three days of intermittent delirium, at one point attempting to cut his own throat. As he continued to have visions, his physician father tried to calm him. But the elder Sanders said that as he slept, his son went into another room and shot himself.</div>
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WHAT'S AHEAD</div>
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Hospital emergency rooms, doctors and law enforcement agencies across the country have struggled to control bath salt drug users who often are feverish and paranoid that they are being attacked. Doctors say users often turn up naked because bath salts raise their body temperature so much that they strip off their clothing.</div>
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Cookeville Regional Medical Center in Tennessee has treated 160 people suspected of taking bath salts since 2010. Dr. Sullivan Smith, who works there, said people on the drugs become combative, and it can take four or five health professionals to subdue them. In some cases, he said, doctors have to use prescription sedatives that are typically reserved for surgery.</div>
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Smith recalls one man who had been running for more than 24 hours because he believed the devil was chasing him with an ax. By the time police brought him to the hospital, he was dehydrated and covered in blood from running through thorny underbrush.</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Century, Times, serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px;">"We're seeing extreme agitation, hallucinations that are very vivid, paranoia and some really violent behaviour so it's a real crisis for us," Smith said. "We sedate the living daylights out of them. And we're talking doses on the order of 10 or 20 times what you would give for a painful procedure."</span></span></div>
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To control the spread of the problem, the Drug Enforcement Agency issued a temporary ban in October on three of the most common drugs – mephedrone, methylone and MDPV. That ban became permanent under the bill signed by Obama on July 10.</div>
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Under the law, anyone convicted of selling, making or possessing 28 synthetic drugs, including bath salts, will face penalties similar to those for dealing traditional drugs like cocaine and heroin.</div>
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Those on the front lines say the legislation is a good start. But they don't expect new laws to dramatically curb use of bath salts in the near term.</div>
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"The problem is these drugs are changing and I'm sure they're going to find some that are a little bit different chemically so they don't fall under the law," said Dr. Smith, the Tennessee doctor. "Is it adequate to name five or 10 or even 20? The answer is no, they're changing too fast."</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com157 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-46032392609592031972012-12-05T17:25:00.000-08:002012-12-05T17:34:39.383-08:00'Faking It' Products being used to 'pass' drug tests<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">With drug testing and pre-employment medical screening becoming more commonplace in workplaces in Australia, especially within heavy industry as well as by police on roadside stops,</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;"><span style="color: red;"> </span>a cottage industry<span style="color: red;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">has sprung up around products which assist users to 'pass' drug tests.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">With names like 'Pass It', 'Ultimate Detox' and the like, products that are now being manufactured and sold online and in shops locally, with the express purpose to help consumers 'pass' drug tests.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">How did this become a phenomenon? What is in these products? Do they actually work? We at Drug Test Australia took a closer look at the situation....</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><b>Products</b></u></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The most common of these types of products found were 'Detox Drinks', not to be confused with health food stores' fruit-based products, these drinks are purported to 'cleanse' and 'remove unwanted substances from the urine', with some claiming to work in just one hour.</span><br />
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<img src="http://www.ultimatedetox.co.uk/images/products/b-extract1-small.jpg" /> <img alt="Quick Fix" src="http://www.aussiedetox.com.au/images/P/quick-fix.jpg" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The other main type of masking agents are 'Synthetic Urine', which is touted as 'premixed laboratory urine' which is purported to '<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">contain all the ingredients normally found in urine and is balanced for pH, specific gravity, creatinine, and several other urine characteristics.' These products are meant to be used in place of urine in urine tests.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">Detox drinks main aim is to 'clean out' the system, with a goal of 'flushing out' drug metabolites from the system before they can be detected in a urine drug test.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">The other type of these drinks aims to 'hold drug metabolites' in the body, allowing urine to pass through to testing without these metabolites present in the sample.</span></span><br />
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<img alt="Absolute De-Tox" height="200" src="http://www.aussiedetox.com.au/images/P/absolute-de-tox.jpg" width="147" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">Synthetic urine products are meant to be carried by the user on their person before a drug test, so that they can pretend to urinate, while filling the test with synthetic urine. These are used with 'heat pads' to bring the sample up to body temperature, a key indicator in all effective urine drug test kits. The pads are meant to be worn under the clothes, to heat the bottle of synthetic urine.</span></span></span><br />
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<img alt="Heat Pads" height="200" src="http://www.aussiedetox.com.au/images/P/heat_pads.jpg" width="173" /><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While the above products aim to mask drug use in urine tests, interestingly, there are also now products available which claim to help the user pass a<i><b> saliva</b></i> drug test. These products come in the form of a mouth wash, which claims to leave 'no traces of unwanted residues' in the saliva. It claims to be effective for removing residue of Marijuana, Cocaine, Opiates, Methamphetamine, Amphetamines and prescription drugs.</span><br />
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<img alt="Ultra Klean Mouth Wash" height="200" src="http://www.aussiedetox.com.au/images/P/ultra-wash.jpg" width="96" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">Two other items worthy of note are shampoo's available, that tout being effective in 'passing' hair follicle drug tests, and urine additives.</span></span><br />
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<img alt="Urine Luck Additive" height="200" src="http://www.aussiedetox.com.au/images/P/urine-luck-additive.jpg" width="183" /> <img alt="Get Clean Shampoo" height="200" src="http://www.aussiedetox.com.au/images/P/get-clean.jpg" width="154" /><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hair follicle testing being a new and not very widely used technology in drug testing in Australia, takes a sample hair follicle for the test. This testing has been shown to detect drugs in the system up to 90 days.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Urine additives are purported to 'destroy drug metabolites in urine', the product claims to 'change the molecular structure' of the compound, and is poured straight into a urine sample, to 'fool' GC/MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the instrument used to test samples in a laboratory, as with confirmation samples following a positive test result).</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><b>Availability</b></u></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">These products are available from online stores in Australia, as well as retail locations around the country. Their disclaimer is usually "</span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">not intended for use on lawfully administered drug tests and is to be used in accordance with all federal and state laws."</span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18.233333587646484px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Detox drinks retails for around AUD $50-$60, synthetic urine at $70-$80, with the mouthwash at around $50.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;"><u><b>Effectiveness</b></u></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">By looking at a wide variety of the types of products on the market, we can examine which would most effective.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;"><u>Saliva testing</u></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">Saliva testing aims to pick up residue of drugs in the oral fluid. Commonly a mouth swab is inserted, and oral fluid collected from the inside of the mouth, cheeks and tongue. The approximate detection time for oral fluid varies with drug classes, but is typically a 6-12 hour window (if drugs were consumed in this period the test will show). Tests with positive results are to be sent fro confirmation testing using GC-MS.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">The product intended to remove and 'mask' drug residue in the mouth, a mouth wash, if used correctly and if containing a high alcohol solution, could in theory 'pass' a drug test.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">The problem is; that when an individual is selected for a random test, usually there is no time to swill and rinse with mouth wash, which would be quite obvious to all involved, rendering this product ineffective.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;"><u>Urine Testing</u></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.233333587646484px;">Urine testing is based on </span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">based on immunoassay rapid test methods, and also relies on GC-MS fro confirmation of positive samples. The detection period varies between drug classes, and can be up to 30 days for THC in heavy users.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">Synthetic Urine is effective in passing a drug test, provided that </span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">adulterants are</span><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> not detected by the device (many have built in) and the temperature is correct. So if a subject is willing to place a large bottle of fake </span><span style="line-height: 20.133333206176758px;">urine</span><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> and a heating element down their pants, heat the urine to body temp, and pour it into the test without being detected by the drug tester, then they may pass this time.</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.133333206176758px;"><u>Current Situation</u></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">Currently in Australia there are employees using these products to attempt to 'pass' drug tests. These products are easily available for purchase from retailers locally or for home delivery from online stores.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">Drug testing training courses now include sections on </span><span style="line-height: 20.133333206176758px;">identifying</span><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> and preventing </span><span style="line-height: 20.133333206176758px;">adulteration</span><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> of tests by test subjects. Also, any tester that is drug testing regularly, and keenly observes their surrounds should be able to catch these cheaters.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">Even if an individual passes the test once, they will be caught the second or third time they attempt to use these methods. These are not by any means fool-proof methods, and the consequences for employees faking a test can be severe.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">Random selection testing (drug testing a random sample of the employee body) as well as reasonable suspicion testing (drug testing after reasonable suspicion that an employee is impaired by drugs) will eventually 'catch' these employees, who will then have to face </span><span style="line-height: 20.133333206176758px;">discipline</span><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"> within the organisation, or in the case of pre-employment tests, will never be offered a position in the company again.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">We should be aware of these products on the market, and take appropriate measures to ensure they do not affect test results.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">For more information on this or related issues, or to find out about our Australian Standard testing equipment contact us at Drug Test Australia;</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.149999618530273px;">Email; sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.133333206176758px;">Website; drugtestaustralia.com.au</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.133333206176758px;">Phone; 1300 660 636</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 20.133333206176758px;"><br /></span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2957 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-28190933780205021172012-11-28T21:43:00.000-08:002013-01-08T16:42:18.073-08:00Abuse vs. Addiction<br />
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<i style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 21px;"><u>Interview with Paul Karras – Hunterlink Recovery Services</u></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Last week I
caught up with Paul Karras, from Hunterlink Recovery Services.</span><span lang="EN-US"> I met with Paul to get a better understanding of
drugs and addiction, substance abuse and their effect on people in Australia,
and we discussed many topics, chief among them substance abuse and addiction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Paul Karras has 10
years experience with The Salvation Army as a senior counsellor in Dual
Diagnosis, with emphasis on Addiction and Mental Health. With a wealth of
experience and information on Drug use, addiction, patterns and recovery, who
better to talk to about Substance Abuse and addiction?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><u><span lang="EN-US">Why do people use drugs?<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">A frequently asked
question; in Paul’s breadth of experience the most common answer is ‘it makes
me feel good’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Drugs; be they
alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, methamphetamine, depressants, stimulants or
psychoactive; all have a common effect on users…….The effect of a ‘numbing’ anaesthesia. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">This means the user
is 'numbed’ to the world around them. This means they don’t have to deal with
their problems……. they are numb to them. They don’t have to experience the
emotion, the depth or breadth of issues that a person may feel, as the drug
numbs them to the outside world, reality, and all the harsh things in it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><img src="https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTHrmDmdBHRMCtWrLlt7WEd6THv3vPdZ-FM26Imtug79Gc3Qp14" /></span></div>
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<i><u><span lang="EN-US">Abuse vs. Addiction<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">One of the key themes
that were present in my talk with Paul was Abuse vs. addiction, and how this
plays out in people’s lives. The two are not mutually exclusive, but there is a
clear distinction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Within abuse of
substances, there are great variations in patterns of use, frequency, amount
etc. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Using Marijuana as an
example, we can say that within the spectrum of people that use this drug, some
are; very frequent (everyday); some less frequent and some perhaps only on few
occasions per year, and then everything in between. This makes for a very broad
spectrum of users of this drug.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Within this spectrum lie
many different types of users with different reasons for their use. Some could
be considered a more social user, one that consumes only when in an
‘appropriate’ situation, or with peers. Another on the other ends of the scale;
may use the drug frequently when alone and not in social situations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Using alcohol as an
example, we could say that a social user is someone that seldom drinks, and
then only on occasions when friends/colleagues are also enjoying a few. On the
other end of the spectrum, someone that is abusing the substance may do so when
not in a socially accepted situation, or at home alone, and in high quantity or
frequency.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><img src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ-oZDYMAl2U6-USOx9PJQE1Kii0gIGHV0UQnnxByj0hHAxWgJN" /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">When we come to
discuss addiction, we can say that abusers can be addicts, but that not all
abusers are addicts. Drug addiction or substance dependence is a complex issue.
There are many factors at play;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US">It can be
agreed that addiction is a compulsive behaviour that originates in the
unconscious mind. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US">Addiction can
be inherited, through genetics and family background. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US">Many people
with addictions may have other psychiatric disorders, which complicates
matters.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US">Addiction can
be classified as with physiological dependence, or without.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Addiction is a
progressive illness, it is not static. An addict of a certain substance will
use an amount, and when this amount no longer has the desired effect, they will
up the amount. This has the effect of leading to an increased tolerance to the
drug, and an escalation of need.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">There are also a whole
host of other issues including; cultural factors, peer pressure, social norms
and psychological issues. These will not be discussed here in detail, but
enough to acknowledge that these and other factors all combine to make this a
complex issue.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><img src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTKEeXVRhL9bpBI3i-HvEi2BhrBIg1kZvdqJcjXZsB5HxKb7T5chQ" /></span></div>
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<i><u><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></u></i></div>
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<i><u><span lang="EN-US">Drug Dependence<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></div>
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<i><u><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></u></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Drug dependence means
that a person needs a drug to function normally. Abruptly stopping the drug
leads to withdrawal symptoms. Drug addiction is the compulsive use of a
substance, despite its negative or dangerous effects.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">There is much
contention over whether cannabis is addictive or not. In Paul’s years of
experience, it very much is.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Reliance on substances
is a mental reliance. It is a coping mechanism, a living process that leaves
users with a lack of coping skills, beyond reaching for their ‘crutch’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">When a person with
dependence does not consume the drug, the effect is called detox. Heroin,
Methamphetamine and certain other drugs, when not consumed, will result in a
period of withdrawal, or detox.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">According to Paul, the
detox period for heavy users of opiates (heroin etc.), amphetamines etc.
varies, but should be no longer than 5 days. For marijuana, though the period
can be significantly longer. A physiological dependence may not be present,
but a mental dependence is. Detoxification for users of higher amounts of drugs
is always worse; more prolonged, more traumatic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">From my conversations
with Paul, he was able to give me some very good information on drugs of abuse
and substance addiction, changing some of my preconceived notions about abuse
and addiction, and giving me a real insight into addiction and substance abuse.</span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></u></b></div>
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<img alt="Hunterlink logo" height="96" src="http://hunterlink.org.au/wp-content/themes/hunterlink/images/logo.png" width="200" /></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Hunterlink Recovery
Services </span><span style="color: #272727; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">provide a vital link in support, recovery and
welfare services available to the community and for workers and their families
nationwide; they help with recovery of people with Substance abuse and other
issues such as problem gambling, anxiety and depression. They work in
conjunction with employers with established Employee Assistance Program (EAP)
as well as members of the community. A link to their website can be found here </span><a href="http://hunterlink.org.au/">http://hunterlink.org.au/</a><span style="color: #272727; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Original Article by <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></div>
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For more information please contact us;</div>
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Phone: 1300 660 636</div>
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Email: sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</div>
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Website: <a href="http://www.drugtestaustralia.com.au/">Drug Test Australia</a></div>
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com257 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-78592859235016952152012-11-26T21:55:00.000-08:002013-01-08T17:32:55.704-08:00Drug testing pits privacy against safety<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Drug testing pits privacy against safety; </span></h1>
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Judges to hear Suncor arguments</h2>
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<span style="font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 11px;"><br /><br />Original </span><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 11px;">By Amanda Stephenson, Calgary Herald November 24, 2012 </span></span><a href="http://www.calgaryherald.com/health/Drug+testing+pits+privacy+against+safety/7605165/story.html#ixzz2DOosEK6t" style="border: none; color: #003399; font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; outline: none; text-decoration: initial;">http://www.calgaryherald.com/health/Drug+testing+pits+privacy+against+safety/7605165/story.html#ixzz2DOosEK6t</a><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Drug testing pits privacy against safety" height="425" src="http://www.calgaryherald.com/business/energy-resources/7606117.bin" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A lab technician tests samples for drugs.</td></tr>
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A three-judge Alberta Court of Appeal panel will next week hear from Suncor Energy Inc. as the oilsands giant argues against an injunction blocking its proposed random employee drug testing program.<br />
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Next month, the Supreme Court of Canada will hear the case of Irving Pulp and Paper, a New Brunswick company whose plan to have its employees submit to mandatory breathalyzer tests has been fought tooth and nail by the same union that represents Suncor workers.<br />
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Both cases will be watched closely by employers, safety companies and privacy experts, as the courts try to find a balance between safety on the job and an individual's right to privacy.<br />
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Unlike the United States, where workplace drug tests are relatively common, Canada has had little experience with randomly administered on-the-job tests. But that could be about to change.<br />
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"Employers have to take action. They're responsible for maintaining a safe work environment," says Pat Atkins, administrator of Alberta's Drug and Alcohol Risk Reduction Pilot Project (DARRPP). "There are problems in the oilsands related to alcohol and drugs ... and we think it would be irresponsible for organizations not to take action, given the concerns they're seeing."<br />
Those concerns range from drug paraphernalia found on work sites to workplace accidents caused by drunk or stoned employees.<br />
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Suncor has stated three of the seven deaths that have occurred at its Fort McMurray oilsands operation since 2000 involved workers under the influence of alcohol or drugs.<br />
"Every day that passes, the risk increases," Suncor lawyer Tom Wakeling told the Alberta Court of Appeal last month. "The Suncor workplace is inherently a dangerous space.<br />
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The consequences of mistakes in this hazardous environment may include catastrophes."<br />
Most oilsands companies already have some form of drug-testing policy in place - in most cases, testing occurs after an accident takes place, or if an employee exhibits behaviour that provides "just cause." In some cases, employees must pass a drug test before being hired for a certain position or before being contracted to work on a certain job site.<br />
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DARRPP is different. The two-year pilot project, led by a working group of oilsands industry employers and labour providers, aims to introduce completely random drug testing in "safety sensitive" positions at participating workplaces.<br />
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Organizers of the project point to U.S. data that indicates random testing is more likely to catch workplace drug and alcohol problems than incident-driven testing.<br />
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One of the first companies to get on board with DARRPP was Suncor, which announced in June its plan to implement mandatory random drug tests for safety sensitive employees at its oilsands facilities. However, before Suncor could implement its proposal, a grievance was filed by the Communications, Energy, and Paperworkers Union. The union, which represents 3,400 workers at the Suncor site, argued random drug testing violates its members' right to privacy.<br />
"This is about the right to preserve their bodily integrity, quite frankly. Their privacy, their dignity," union lawyer Ritu Khullar told the appeals court last month.<br />
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Days earlier, a Court of Queen's Bench Judge issued an injunction, ruling Suncor cannot move ahead with its program until the union's grievance can be reviewed by a labour arbitration board. Suncor appealed, and that appeal is set to be heard on Wednesday.<br />
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The same union is also fighting Irving Pulp and Paper, the New Brunswick company that introduced a workplace safety policy in 2006 that included random alcohol testing for employees. That case will be heard by the Supreme Court of Canada in December.<br />
Atkins said DARRPP is confident it is well within its legal rights.<br />
"We believe we have designed the project in such a way to respect privacy and human rights," Atkins said.<br />
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Ed Secondiak, president of ECS Services - which has designed drug testing programs for large and small corporations for 18 years - says there are ways to ensure employees' rights are respected while still reducing the risk of on-the-job substance abuse.<br />
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Secondiak said when he designs a program, all drug test results are reviewed by a medical review officer. If a test comes back positive, the medical review officer will speak privately to the employee in question, and if he or she can provide a medical reason for why they might have a drug in their system, they are given an all-clear without their employer ever being informed of the original test results.<br />
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Test results are kept under lock and key with limited access, and are never shared with outside agencies without the employee's permission.<br />
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Secondiak says in most cases, when a person fails a test, he or she is sent for a substance abuse assessment. An addictions counsellor will decide whether the individual can come back to work, or needs more treatment. He said in many cases, being flagged by a workplace test is exactly the push some addicts need to get treatment and turn their lives around.<br />
"I would say there's a high success rate when you're dealing with alcohol and marijuana in terms of being able to bring people back (to the job)," he says.<br />
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Dr. Charl Els, an addictions psychiatrist with the University of Alberta, agrees substance abuse in the workplace is a serious issue. Using U.S. statistics as a base - because there are no reliable Canadian statistics - he estimates that 8.3 per cent of full-time workers use illicit drugs.<br />
"We likely are only seeing the tip of the iceberg in terms of the visible cases of substance use and abuse," Els says. "It's well accepted that we underestimate the prevalence and the actual impact."<br />
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Els also believes the nature of the oilsands industry means workers there are more likely to use drugs.<br />
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"It's typically a young, male population, there's a lot of excess time when they don't work, there's a lot of disposable income and cash in the pocket. They're typically not with their families, they're isolated. So there's a number of factors that make people more prone to use," he says.</div>
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However, Els says random drug testing is the wrong approach. He says a typical urine test only detects the presence of a substance in a person's system - it can't detect whether the person is impaired. That means it cannot differentiate between a person who smoked marijuana 20 minutes earlier and is stoned on the job versus a person who smoked a joint at a weekend party three days ago.</div>
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"The vast majority of people who use cannabis instead of having a beer on Friday evening may well test positive on Monday morning, and without it remotely having any impact on workplace impairment or occupational risk," Els says. "What they will detect is a whole lot of normal, recreational users with no risk to the workplace. And that I view as an invasion of privacy."</div>
<span style="font-family: arial, verdana, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;">Els adds there are a lot of workers and professionals other than oil sands employees who can be considered to be doing "safety specific" work, and they aren't being subjected to random drug tests.</span><br />
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"You can imagine the uproar if I suggested tomorrow we need to start testing all physicians for cannabis," he said. "By this logic, any individual operating a vehicle for work should not be able to do so unless they can test negative."</div>
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Els says he has no problem with post-accident or just cause workplace drug testing, it's the random testing he opposes. He says there simply isn't enough solid evidence that random drug testing reduces the rates of workplace accidents, adding he too will be watching the Suncor case and the Irving Pulp and Paper case with interest.</div>
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"I would be surprised if random testing will actually be cleared as acceptable and not in violation," he says.<br />
<br />
Contact us;<br />
Website; www.drugtestaustralia.com.au<br />
Email; Sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au<br />
Phone; 1300 660 636<br />
<br /></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com257 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-38635925327950768342012-11-25T19:00:00.001-08:002012-11-27T18:21:42.809-08:00Synthetic Drugs; Australian Crime Commission<br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Posted by Drug Test Australia</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Original; </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;">http://www.crimecommission.gov.au/publications/illicit-drug-data-reports/2010-11/index/other-drugs#analogues</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">Main Forms</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Drug analogues and other synthetic drugs have been present in Australia and overseas since at least the mid-2000s. Analogues available within the illicit drug market are variants of a parent compound which is usually a prohibited or scheduled drug. These substances are typically marketed as ‘legal highs’<sup style="margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">14</sup> and used as substitutes for illicit drugs such as methylamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA). In recent years, an analogue drug market has been established as users have increasingly sought out specific analogues rather than using them as substitutes.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">A wide range of analogue and other synthetic drugs are available to users. Many of these substances are sourced from online ‘legal high’ stores, legitimate fine chemical suppliers and sites selling ‘research chemicals’. In some countries illicit cannabimimetics are marketed as ‘herbal smoking blends’; herbal incense and as ‘plant foods’ (TGA 2011).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">A review of overseas online legal high stores identified up to 500 different analogue drugs being advertised. Analogues are frequently marketed as being natural and legal and are perceived by many users to be less harmful than illicit drugs. As many of these substances are novel, there is limited research or knowledge about the short or long-term health consequences of use, the risk of dependence, possible adverse effects of use in combination with other drugs, or potential fatal dosage levels.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In an attempt to circumvent legislative and regulatory measures, many of these substances are marketed under the guise of other products not intended for human consumption, such as bath salts, plant food, incense and room deodorisers. Further, to avoid detection, packaging may not accurately reflect the ingredients leaving users unaware of the true ingredients within. Even when ingredients are correctly listed, users may remain unaware of the related implications and effects of use.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Two groups of analogues and other synthetic drugs that have received considerable public attention during 2010–11 are cannabimimetics (which mimic cannabinoids) and cathinones, in particular 4-methylmethcathinone. This section covers these two groups in more detail.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Cannabimimetics</span></h4>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Cannabimimetics, also referred to as synthetic cannabinoids<sup style="margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">15</sup>, are synthetic chemicals which mimic the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)—the principal psychoactive component of the illicit drug cannabis. Analysis in a number of European countries identified a large number of chemicals which could be classed as cannabimimetics. While some cannabimimetics share a chemical structure similar to THC, the vast majority of identified to date have no structural relationship to THC (EMCDDA 2011d). With the exception of a small number of substances which have very limited legitimate uses, the vast majority of identified substances have no legitimate industrial, scientific or medicinal uses.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Cannabimimeticsthat have been used for medicinal purposes and are scheduled within the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Poisons (SUSMP) are:</span></div>
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<li style="list-style-position: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0.4em;"><span style="background-color: white;">Rimonabant (currently in Schedule 4): A selective CB1 receptor antagonist historically used to treat obesity, but was withdrawn from the market due to severe side effects</span></li>
<li style="list-style-position: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0.4em;"><span style="background-color: white;">Nabilone (currently in Schedule 8): A synthetic cannabinoid used for treatment of anorexia and for its antiemetic effects; its chemical structure is closely related to THC</span></li>
<li style="list-style-position: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0.4em;"><span style="background-color: white;">Dronabinol (currently in Schedule 8 for therapeutic use): Synthetically produced pure THC used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and pain patients (TGA 2011).</span></li>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Illicit cannabimimetics, commonly known as synthetic cannabis, consist of a combination of neutral plant materials, similar in appearance to cannabis, which have been sprayed with one or more synthetic cannabinoids. Synthetic cannabis is best known by the brand names ‘Kronic’, ‘Northern Lights’, ‘Spice’, ‘Kaos’, ‘Voodoo’ and ‘Mango’ (NSW Health 2011b; ACT Health 2011).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">As packaging of synthetic cannabisrarely identifies the ingredients from which the substance is formulated (in particular the synthetic cannabinoid component), people dealing in synthetic cannabispreparations may be hindered in their ability to determine the legal status of the product. This potentially causes legal issues for importers, distributors, retailers and consumers (TGA 2011).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Synthetic cannabis, like natural cannabis, can cause memory and thinking impairment in small doses. Short-term effects from consuming synthetic cannabis can include fatigue, headaches, disorientation, hallucinations, high blood pressure, tachycardia, paranoia, agitation, restlessness, panic attacks, anxiety and depression (WADAA 2011). Heavy and regular use may cause hallucinations, confusion, anxiety, depression, paranoia, psychosis and heart palpitations (ACT Health 2011).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">As synthetic cannabisis a manufactured substance, there can be considerable variety and quantity of substances present, resulting in unpredictability in the effects of use (NSW Health 2011b).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">4-MMC (4-Methylmethcathinone)</span></h4>
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<span style="background-color: white;">An analogue which has received significant media and law enforcement attention is 4-methylmethcathinone (also known as 4-MMC or mephedrone). 4-MMC is a synthetic stimulant and an analogue of the drug methcathinone. It is known to produce central nervous system stimulation, psychoactivity and hallucinations (DEA 2011a). In Australia, there are no legal uses for 4-MMC and it is listed as a prohibited import under Schedule 4 of the <em>Customs (Prohibited Imports) Regulations 1956 </em>and is a Border Controlled Drug under Section 314.4 (2) of the <em>Commonwealth Criminal Code Act 1995.</em></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Other common names for 4-MMC include; meph, meow, miaow-miaow, m-cat, plant food, drone, bubbles and kitty cat. The most common form is an off-white or yellowish powder and it is also available in tablet or capsule form. The powder can be snorted or swallowed in bombs (wraps of paper). There has been limited reporting of injection as a form of administration of the drug (Sindicich & Burns 2011; ADF 2011d).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Users report that 4-MMC produces a similar experience to drugs such as amphetamines, ecstasy or cocaine. Reported effects include euphoria, increased energy and alertness, loss of appetite, dilated pupils, tremors or convulsions, insomnia, anxiety and paranoia. The long-term effects of 4-MMC are difficult to identify due to limited research in this area (ADF 2011d).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">International Trends</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In 2011, products containing new psychoactive substances became available in many parts of the world, including the Americas, the Middle East, Oceania and parts of Asia. Many countries are now facing the challenge of identifying an ever‑increasing range of substances in a rapidly changing market (EMCDDA 2011a).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In 2010, the US Drug Enforcement Agency reported that an estimated 2 977 samples of synthetic cannabinoids were submitted to State and local forensic laboratories in the US. This was a considerable increase from the estimated 15 synthetic cannabinoid samples identified during 2009. In 2010, nearly two-thirds of these samples were identified as JWH-018<sup style="margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">16</sup> (63 per cent) and about one-quarter as either JWH-250<sup style="margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">17</sup> (14 per cent) or JWH-073<sup style="margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">18</sup> (9 per cent) (DEA 2011d).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Europe continues to see an increase in new synthetic substances with a total of 41 new synthetic psychoactive substances reported to the European Early Warning System in 2010 (Europol 2011). Of the 41 new psychoactive substances identified in 2010, 15 were synthetic cathinones and 11 were synthetic cannabinoids(EMCDDA 2011a; Europol 2011)</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The 2010–11 British Crime Survey of UK residents reported that respondents aged 16–24 years of age had the highest rates of synthetic cannabinoids use. Among 16–59 year olds, the proportion of respondents reporting 4-MMC use was equal to the proportion reporting ecstasy use (1.4 per cent) and in the 16–24 years age group, the proportion was equal to powder cocaine use (4.4 per cent) (Smith & Flatley 2011). An online survey targeting club-goers in the UK found that 4-MMC was the fourth most commonly used drug (after cannabis, ecstasy and cocaine) among the 2 295 respondents (EMCDDA 2010).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In 2010–11, the increasing variety and expanding market in analogues saw many countries—including Australia—take steps to prohibit their importation, sale and use. In some countries, including the US and New Zealand, synthetic cannabinoids have been temporarily categorised as controlled substances as these governments seek to appropriately amend legislation to ensure that all current and emerging cannabimimetics are captured.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">As of December 2010, the US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) banned five synthetic cannabinoids by placing them in Schedule I under the <em>Controlled Substances Act</em>, which is for substances considered to have a high potential for abuse and no known medical benefits. This ban will continue for a year, making it illegal to possess or sell products that contain synthetic cannabinoids and allowing the DEA time to gather information regarding these five synthetic cannabinoids (DEA 2011b).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In 2011, the New Zealand Government approved amendments to the <em>Misuse of Drugs Act 1975</em>, creating a new mechanism to place a temporary ban on unregulated substances of concern. This new mechanism enabled the New Zealand Minister for Health to place a 12-month ban on any current or emerging synthetic cannabinoids. The New Zealand Government intends to implement recommendations from the New Zealand Law Commission that reverse the onus of proof, requiring industry to prove its products are safe (NZ Government 2011).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In response to potential health concerns, Austria, Germany, France, Luxembourg, Poland, Lithuania, Sweden and Estonia have taken legal action to ban or otherwise control synthetic cannabis products and related compounds. In December 2010, while mephedrone was banned in the countries of the EU it is still available in illicit drug markets (UNODC 2011a).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Domestic Market Indicators</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In 2011, the Australian Government announced the addition of eight synthetic cannabis compounds to Schedule 9 of the SUSMP. The eight synthetic cannabis compounds were scheduled on the basis that they are used for the purpose of obtaining a psychoactive effect, may be dependence producing, have no legitimate therapeutic uses and have documented harmful effects which may be significant in some individuals (TGA 2011). Several synthetic cannabis compounds were added to state and territory legislation during 2010–11 (see <em>State and territory legislative amendments and initiatives chapter</em>).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">4–MMC is a prohibited import under the Schedule 4 of the <em>Customs (Prohibited Imports) Regulations Act 1956</em> and is a Border Controlled Drug under the <em>Commonwelth Criminal Code Act 1995. </em>On 9 April 2011, 4–MMC became a prescribed substance under the <em>Criminal Code Regulations Act 2002</em>.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The extent of synthetic cannabis use among the general population in Australia is currently unknown.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">According to a 2010 study of regular ecstasy users, 16 per cent of respondents reported recent use (in the last 6 months) of 4MMC, while 18 per cent reported in lifetime use. Recent 4–MMC use was reported primarily in Tasmania and Victoria. Snorting, followed by swallowing, was the most common method of administration, with minimal reporting of smoking and injecting 4MMC (Sindicich & Burns 2011). Early findings from the 2011 study indicate a small decline in recent use, with only13 per cent reporting recent use of 4-MMC (NDARC 2011d).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Price</span></h4>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Law enforcement price data for synthetic cannabis and 4-MMC is limited. In Tasmania in 2010–11, a cap of 4-MMC ranged between $15 and $50. The price of one gram of synthetic cannabis leaf in Queensland ranged between $20 and $30.</span></div>
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com057 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-42855172928494981602012-11-25T17:55:00.002-08:002012-11-27T18:22:17.293-08:00Lack of testing leads to Kronic problem: NZ Emergency DoctorPosted by Drug Test Australia<br />
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Original; Emma Dawe, The Southland Times; http://www.stuff.co.nz/southland-times/news/5264514/Lack-of-testing-leads-to-Kronic-problem-emergency-doctor<br />
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An emergency physician believes people are using party drugs, including Kronic, under the misguided belief they have been rigorously tested by authorities.</div>
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Paul Gee, from Christchurch Hospital, said that was not the case at all and party drugs were actually in a "twilight zone" between legal and illegal drugs because they were not covered by legislation.</div>
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<img src="http://www.1-800-translate.com/TranslationBlog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/emergencyroom.jpg" /><img src="http://idiopathicmedicine.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/emergency-room-sign.jpg" style="background-color: transparent;" /></div>
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"They're not a named drug covered by legislation. Nor are they a food, so they escape legislation covering foods.</div>
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"They're being slickly marketed and people are buying them not realising they've never been tested before in humans."</div>
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Speaking at the winter symposium of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine held in Queenstown yesterday, Dr Gee called for the onus to be put on manufacturers to prove new psychotropic drugs were safe.</div>
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"At present we have to wait until people reach intensive care before there is any action."</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;">The herbal ingredients in the products were mixed with unlisted synthetic Cannabinoids that had been declared illegal in some countries but were unregulated in New Zealand.</span></span></div>
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Dr Gee said he was seeing more patients affected by the drugs – those patients were showing symptoms similar to those of people using cannabis, such as drowsiness, increased heart rate and feelings of euphoria.</div>
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Those symptoms were what doctors had expected, but what was not expected were the amphetamine-type symptoms some party drug users were displaying, including seizures, he said.</div>
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"We've seen some people probably close to unconsciousness," he said.</div>
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While it was too soon to determine what the long-term effects of using the drugs were, Dr Gee said there was evidence prolonged cannabis use could lead to long-term memory loss, and there was no reason why that would not be the case for the prolonged use of party drugs.</div>
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Dr Gee said his main concern was nobody had done any scientific research on the drugs.</div>
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<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieUtw2oUUV6-tUQZvH2PuOBJ9MKLP3n3e0YLAnrd8xw4LYtrgnB5qj-I3rKhVpzWx7ILiummxKFHOn_aFQ5TloUnV-GcLes7jGiDtX4m0FdMVwWV3v3Jdxa-ScaSl1lA3nLfBFrT5aRMs/s400/emergency-room-crowded.JPG" /></div>
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While any new food or medicine was stringently tested before being licensed for consumption in New Zealand, the chemicals in these substances were not.</div>
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"It basically amounts to experimentation but without the upside of gathering any information."</div>
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Meanwhile, former Central Otago District Mayor Malcolm Macpherson is calling for people to join him in a footpath demonstration outside the only shop in Alexandra selling Kronic – C&C Traders.</div>
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Mr Macpherson said there was no justification for the owner to sell Kronic, and other products that exposed the community to health risks.</div>
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C&C Traders owner Bill Clements said he was being "pushed into a corner" for no reason, as the products were not to blame for the problems parents were having with their teenagers.</div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Contact us at Drug Test Australia</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Website; www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Email; Sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Phone; 1300 660 636</span><br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0237 Centre St, New York, NY 10013, USA40.720201058841496 -73.998413085937540.6720810588415 -74.0773770859375 40.768321058841494 -73.9194490859375tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-74340271223402809022012-11-25T16:41:00.002-08:002012-11-27T18:22:41.445-08:00Call for drug tests to catch patient's dealing their medication<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Posted by Drug Test Australia</span></h1>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Original; Call for drug tests to trap patient dealers</span><span style="color: #818181;"><span style="background-image: url(http://www.theherald.com.au/static/1353634772/images/icons-s67304c4cfd.png); background-position: 0px -2784px; display: inline-block; font-size: 42px; height: 30px; overflow: hidden; text-indent: 100%; white-space: nowrap; width: 38px;">Save</span></span></h1>
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By <cite style="font-style: normal;">Julia Medew</cite></h2>
<time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;">Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m.</time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">http://www.theherald.com.au/story/1128078/call-for-drug-tests-to-trap-patient-dealers</span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time><time datetime="Nov. 18, 2012, 3 a.m." style="float: left; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></time></div>
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PATIENTS being given powerful painkillers should be routinely drug tested to make sure they are not selling their drugs on the booming black market, doctors say.</div>
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ly1EHwUfTqJieobcj6/9rTVPZKrTv3VaqL9XLD5K9x9JrYv+JpWFTu3DfDcZXNtyMmh9bTeWkvr/ANUmvc2jvVKNjw1n5lx4o50ZeR2OnpYzVrUaLpkamAoYsMt6ZViMpZXpkFWI0uDtpKl2J/0z/wDZf2ljK/4dP75iWFT1cV+Lf34/Y72aSOeMeZl4Zw+nRFNaLOqU6bUxTz5kYE5gxvc5gb6+e03eJue7Dga0zm/9p0Ye1j8pDV6RP3D7TVqmoFIDPlO6kmx8ovunKuVdlezXRnWjs9qSnFkw1YOl11A9x6+YkL2nr1A91/02UMcu97Wa/lfp11lmBq6726zexQzocurC5A6np6HbWeappULMz4+hZd2EJLL/AIOao4q0lsNi2Hwt8uXtOFwmJdfC1wV0KsLEHp1E6LhHElIINxb57y7x+l7o2trUo95HVUeIg/ELHy/adDggopgqQQdbjYnn+05ChUB2DexktwXG2V1OmVr6/mH7iVnaWijCr00enT3kKyhKOUS9eoeRI6W/r+0l8DdABz1Lep/baQmHxSKcznb4VGrE9SOQ9ZSvx5/uAL5nxH9h9ZN7JpcYekly+PcVtlE7H3YrbxOpqY0KLsQo6k2HuZqntNRH3yfMKxHvONrYksbsxY+ZvLMpPkJebkyHZUEvxy/Y9BwnGEqfAwa241BHyM3EqEziOzBC4lL8wy3PmpP9J3lML1EyVmsojRPux3RcszKICy6bor2ykrETJgREQBERAKES20vlCJq0CwyMc2JkoyyOxdDxfWY7plYMXeTgu0lVji6hJ0GVV8lABsPmSZ3DUWnP9ouBNUPeIPGBZl/EBsR+b9YLPs6yFV2X12OYFUjnMwqmabkjcFTzupH6iVTEjYke4jJ6O3EllGy+JbqZjqYknc3ljVx1HuJq1XGuunymGYrtjHZl1ZwjEqM3UbZgeV+u8uw+PRmyjPm6FD/zLce81cBUBcG4O9tdzb/eSvehV+Ia8tjIE9LG1sj2JXWfhIniXZ5a7ZmvTbYkWuR0PK/nNjh/BqFH4Rcm3iY3PyGw35S3H8RCLe4PpYzU4BXeqxfKcoF16Ek/iOh0H1nSrTRrSiiTYlXHBPrLCbH4j9BLlos2rMB6C599pcuFTexY9T+230nd1xaw1k0q7uXkpRKgaayr4gAbCXVKwQakKJH1K5rWsbL+I7n+Xr+k2wkFiU9zcp4zXZfnM6vmuFFyNxm+HoSeY/aR9HhKbkvUPqVH0sfrJKjRy/Cir6D9TuZthnabXQk+FUQhzOyKerEAAflXcn5Scw3HcPT3Z3PkjBf/ANWnKd0ebW+ktFNPX1vNkivs0kbXmbfkemYHiNOsuamwYc+oPQjcTZnla4lqTCpRORx7MB91hzU7fPSxnqGHrZ0VhsyhvcXmxS63R+rtNPKfxMkXiIK8REQBERAEREApMGKp3F+n6TYlCIBGS0zPXo5T5cpitANik2Ya785U0R0HzAmsNJsJiBz0mcmcmlX4NTb7iH1RT+okbX7L0if9Cif/AIk/adJlvtLHWYZ1jNo5l+AoFYBES6kAqg0uPITzXjT/AMO+SsyI3m4sfNSbXE9nrAyOxTLsQp9VB/UTTBY6bVunO3J41wtUxNQjMHRLFgDcEtfKCRpbQ6eU7DD0bjoBy2AHS0ku0OG0RlAAGYHKoG9iCbDyI+cjaLaTKSLOF7vj3jKQBMZeGaYatYAHWGSlHuR3IHjmLJOUG19CelzaSuHAGg0A8I8lXpOU473tVilGjUe+5sQPczpuHYeuKCtiKZRtm1BB8/K81QpnDvYb3fBLJVsBKNWPWanfAbkD1ImWkrufAjN6Kf12m2Tu4pbsvzShab+H7MYmp9wIPzHX2ElcP2CJ/wBSr8lAH6xuRrNZp6+ZLy3Odw9FqjBV3PPfL+Y+k9CpcZRQqqGsAFF7bDQbTFgey1GmNLnrqdfU85K0cGifCoHymcModdrIXtJLZChXzcrTPKWlZkq2IiIAiIgCIiAIiIBa6AixmlVolfSb8oReARsTZq4Tp7TA1MjcQC0GX96essiAHJO8wNhQZnmVMMT5esGcsjW4cDpob8iL38rSHxnYioWvSqU1U7oUbT0YN68p2dPDgfvL8kYR3q1NlTzFnHYbsH/6lS/koIH7yTw3ZSkp+EECT2WVtMYRvZrLrPzSNSngKa6Kij5CKmDRhZkUg8iotNu0plm2SN35eJF4bs9hqfwYekp30pqNfaby0gNgB6ATPli0GZTlLl5MeWXZZdaVjJoUAlYiYAiIgCIiAIiIAiIgCIiAIiIAiIgFpQHkPaU7leg9pfEAoFAlYiAIiIAiIgCIiAIiIAiIgCIiAIiIAiIgCIiAIiIAiIgCIiAIiIAiIgCIiAIiIAiIgCIiAIiIAiIgCIiAIiIB/9k=" 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While addicts ''doctor shopping'' for prescriptions is well known, the head of pain management at the Royal Adelaide Hospital, Penny Briscoe, said there was now evidence of ''fossil pharming'' in Australia where elderly people sell their medication to supplement their pensions.Leading pain and addiction medicine experts say there is increasing evidence of doctors being scammed for large doses of prescription drugs, particularly addictive opioids such as OxyContin.</div>
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Dr Briscoe said an elderly palliative care patient recently admitted to selling his drugs to boost his income, raising the prospect that more patients were doing the same without their doctors knowing.</div>
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''I think we should be screening a lot more patients than we are and if you're going to do it, you have to do it to everybody and tell patients about it. You can't discriminate on age, sex or the number of tattoos,'' she said.</div>
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The head of clinical services at Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Matthew Frei, said that while most people abusing prescription opioids were getting them from doctors for themselves, some were getting them from elderly relatives who were either selling them or passing them on.</div>
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''I certainly have seen people who say their source for the drug was an elderly relative,'' he said. ''I don't think it's extraordinarily common but it's possible we're not hearing about it.''</div>
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Another addiction medicine specialist, Philip Crowley, said urine testing patients on opioids should be standard treatment.</div>
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''There's a strong economic incentive to sell these drugs. You can sell one Kapanol [morphine] tablet for up to $80 so if you get a pack of 20, you can certainly make enough to pay your rent and power bill.''</div>
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src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" 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It comes as doctors are increasingly falling prey to sophisticated scams to get large amounts of prescription drugs.</div>
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State health departments have advised doctors about various scams this year including fraudulent prescriptions and fake letters from doctors to get hundreds of OxyContin tablets from dozens of doctors.</div>
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Some people stole pages from GPs' prescription pads while they weren't looking.</div>
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Others created fake prescriptions using images on the internet, or posed as doctors.</div>
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In one extraordinary case, a Victorian man got prescriptions for anabolic steroids by calling a GP and successfully pretending to be a hospital specialist who was referring a patient (himself) to the GP to obtain the prescriptions.</div>
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''The same offender obtained more than 800 anabolic steroid injections by presenting forged prescriptions, and obtained enough testosterone to treat 87,000 sheep by convincing a veterinary practitioner that he was a sheep farmer,'' a Victorian health department document says.</div>
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Health authorities say prescription opioids are increasingly becoming a drug of choice on the streets because of their purity and low cost. Sydney's medically supervised injecting centre recently reported that two thirds of its 225 daily clients were now injecting prescription opiates, especially OxyContin.Another patient has been using a fraudulent letter from an interstate medical clinic that has a number on it that connects to his female accomplice.</div>
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The dangerous trend appears to be causing more deaths. An analysis by researchers at the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre at the University of NSW found 500 Australians aged 15 to 54 died of an opiate overdose in 2008, up from 360 in 2007.</div>
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Only one third were from heroin. Preliminary figures suggest there were 612 such deaths in 2009, a 22 per cent increase from 2008, and 705 in 2010, a 15 per cent increase from the year before.</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;">Contact us at Drug Test Australia</span><br style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;">Website; www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;">Email; Sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;">Phone; 1300 660 636</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com057 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-75611623246086857942012-11-25T14:14:00.000-08:002012-11-27T18:23:05.171-08:00Workers attempt to hide drug usePosted by Drug Test Australia<br />
Original <span style="background-color: white; color: #818181; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px;">By</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #818181; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px;"> </span><cite style="color: #818181; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; line-height: 20px;">DONNA PAGE, </cite><span style="background-color: white; color: #818181; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px;">Nov. 26, 2012, 4:21 a.m.</span> http://www.theherald.com.au/story/1144689/poll-workers-attempt-to-hide-drug-use/?cs=311<br />
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<img alt="TOOL: Gateway Medical operations manager Ada Collins with a testing kit. Picture: Marina Neil" class="responsive gallery-image" data-fixed-size="large" data-media-host="http://cdn.fairfaxregional.com.au/" data-original="/storypad-3ZMaZUzN3dKuM6vrzTJmtN/39aba9eb-14d4-4cb0-9504-e0f33bedc23c.jpg" src="http://cdn.fairfaxregional.com.au/preview/c1200x678/storypad-3ZMaZUzN3dKuM6vrzTJmtN/39aba9eb-14d4-4cb0-9504-e0f33bedc23c.jpg" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;" title="TOOL: Gateway Medical operations manager Ada Collins with a testing kit. Picture: Marina Neil" /><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-size: 12px; line-height: 22px;">TOOL: Drug Test Australia operations manager Ada Collins with a testing kit. Picture: Marina Neil</span></div>
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HUNTER workers are using a range of new and sophisticated masking and detox agents to </div>
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HUNTER workers are using a range of new and sophisticated masking and detox agents to avoid detection in workplace drug tests.</div>
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The products come in a range of forms, including drinks, tablets, mouthwash and capsules, and range in price from $50 to $200.A Newcastle Herald investigation has found workers in a range of industries, including drivers, machinery operators, explosive technicians, miners and contractors using the products that can be bought online or at some Hunter stores.</div>
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Mayfield’s Drug Test Australia general manager Tom Somerville said workplace drug and alcohol testing had ‘‘exploded’’ in the Hunter over the past two years.</div>
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The most common drug detected was cannabis, followed by opiates.</div>
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Mr Somerville said he was aware of a ‘‘range of techniques’’ used by people in an effort to avoid detection.</div>
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But ‘‘high quality’’ Australian standard test kits, as used by his firm, could detect many masking agents and synthetic cannabis.</div>
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‘‘Technology has caught up in recent months and the testing products are far more sophisticated,’’ he said.</div>
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Workers told the Herald several products were effective in passing urine tests just hours after smoking cannabis or using other illegal and synthetic drugs. Most worked within an hour and lasted for up to eight hours.</div>
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Six users said they had used readily available masking agents or detox kits to pass urine and saliva tests that they would have otherwise failed.</div>
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A Merewether man said he passed a pre-employment medical carried out by a doctor, that included a urine drug test, after smoking cannabis daily for six months.</div>
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Cannabis can be detected in urine up to a month after use.</div>
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‘‘I tested myself after using a flushing kit months before I was offered the job and it worked perfectly, so I did the same thing again and I passed,’’ he said.</div>
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But Mr Somerville said workers were ‘‘dreaming’’ if they thought masking agents or detox kits were going to ensure they passed all tests.</div>
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‘‘My understanding is these things take some time to take effect and most workers have no idea they are going to be tested when they turn up to work, it’s random,’’ he said.</div>
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‘‘They might be able to use masking agents once or twice and get lucky with some forms of testing, but they will get caught.’’</div>
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Mr Somerville said there had been a shift in recent months away from urine testing to saliva testing.</div>
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‘‘Saliva testing is used to detect [skills] impairment, while urine testing will show [a drug’s] presence,’’ he said.</div>
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Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union northern district president Peter Jordan said he believed many coal industry employers, one of the last industries in the Hunter to use widespread urine testing, wanted to ‘‘know what employees get up to in their own time’’.</div>
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Coal companies say testing is necessary to ensure a safe working environment. He was aware of employees being caught using masking agents or tampering with urine samples.</div>
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Mr Jordan said employees who failed one test could be targeted for testing at any time.</div>
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‘‘They will resist any attempt to implement more socially acceptable procedures like saliva testing ... We believe saliva testing can provide appropriate and sufficient information to a company in the event an employee is impaired. What you get up to in your own time, is your own business.’’‘‘My view is that employers in the coal industry who use urine testing will attempt to hold onto that testing at whatever cost,’’ he said.</div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Contact us at Drug Test Australia</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Website; www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Email; Sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Phone; 1300 660 636</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com057 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-52876662492279256402012-11-20T19:56:00.003-08:002012-11-27T18:23:29.858-08:00Rise of Synthetic Drugs in Australia; Implications<br />
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<span lang="EN-US">Posted by Drug Test Australia</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><img alt=">" height="129" src="http://www.nydailynews.com/polopoly_fs/1.1202782!/img/httpImage/image.jpg_gen/derivatives/landscape_370/image.jpg" width="200" /> </span><img height="133" 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" width="200" /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">There has
been recent media and government attention paid to the rise in the prevalence
of use, sales and manufacture of Synthetic Drugs, such as Synthetic Marijuana
(‘Kronic’ and like products) and Synthetic Stimulants (i.e. Synthetic Cocaine,
Synthetic Amphetamines and Synthetic MDMA [Ecstasy]) among other harmful
substances.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Of
particular concern to employers in Australia, is that these types of drugs
cannot be screened for in traditional drug tests; only by drug tests that
specifically test for these substances.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">European
Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, has released a report raising
concerns over the great quantity of these substances available; with a total of
49 new psychoactive substances officially notified for the first time in 2011.
Preliminary data shows over 50 new substances already detected for 2012. This
is of concern to the Australian market, as these items can easily be purchased
online and sent to Australia, from retailers residing overseas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/news/2012/10">http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/news/2012/10</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Queensland
Attorney-General and Minister for Justice Jarrod Bleijie has proposed changes
to the Drugs Misuse Act, that would include a plethora of synthetic drugs, with
similar effects to presently illegal drugs to be made illegal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://statements.qld.gov.au/Statement/2012/11/18/government-clamps-down-on-synthetic-drugs">http://statements.qld.gov.au/Statement/2012/11/18/government-clamps-down-on-synthetic-drugs</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">The main
issue faced is that drug ‘manufacturers’ aim to stay one step ahead of
legislation and are constantly changing and developing the contents and make-up
of these substances.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">We must be
vigilant and stay on top of this phenomenon, as impairment from these
substances poses a significant safety risk in workplaces; effective testing is
the only way to limit risk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">For more
information, please see our blog articles below, or contact us about our synthetic marijuana testing kits.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://drugtestaustraliablog.blogspot.com.au/2012/11/new-type-of-synthetic-cannabis-new-type.html">http://drugtestaustraliablog.blogspot.com.au/2012/11/new-type-of-synthetic-cannabis-new-type.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://drugtestaustraliablog.blogspot.com.au/2012/10/synthetic-cannabis-frequently-asked.html">http://drugtestaustraliablog.blogspot.com.au/2012/10/synthetic-cannabis-frequently-asked.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Contact us at Drug Test Australia</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Website; www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Email; Sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Phone; 1300 660 636</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com157 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-41713173415724524482012-11-20T14:11:00.001-08:002012-11-27T18:23:48.526-08:00Workplace Drug testing should be Outsourced; National NCETA Report<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">Posted By; Drug Test Australia</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">Original</span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">; MICHELLE PAINE </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;"> November 19, 2012 12.01am</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">http://www.themercury.com.au/article/2012/11/19/366313_ Tasmania-news.html</span></span></span><br />
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<b style="background-color: white; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: large;">WORKPLACE drug testing is inefficient and can lead to workers simply changing drugs or avoiding reporting incidents, says a national report.</span></b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In Tasmania, where testing has been growing, unions are gearing up for a fight if companies decide to do drug testing in-house, instead of outsourcing.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction deputy director Ken Pidd said there was little evidence testing was effective, despite its increase.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Dr Pidd said one of the risks was that workers changed their consumption patterns or drug types to avoid detection.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">"Drug testing could be contributing to the increase in synthetic drug use such as Jack3d and Kronic, and pharmaceutical drug misuse," Dr Pidd said.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">His findings will be presented at the Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and Other Drugs conference in Melbourne today.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Dr Pidd said there was evidence less serious accidents were not being reported for fear of post-incident drug tests.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Western Australia, where many mining companies used urine testing, had the highest rate of Methamphetamine use.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">"Some employers incorrectly think that drug testing is required to meet their workplace health and safety obligations. What they do need are high quality education and training programs which help develop a workplace culture conducive to health and safety," Dr Pidd said.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Unions Tasmania president Kevin Harkins said in-house testing opened the door to targeting individuals.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">"Testing must be totally independent. We don't support companies doing it themselves. And it should be done across the board, from the top of the organisation," Mr Harkins said.</span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com057 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-65268335641060822302012-11-19T16:47:00.000-08:002012-11-27T18:24:07.024-08:00University students turn to ADHD drugsPosted by; Drug Test Australia<br />
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Original <span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px;">By Daniel Piotrows,</span><a href="http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/health-fitness/high-marks-uni-students-turn-to-add-drugs/story-fneuz9ev-1226519836513#ixzz2Cie9EJO7" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgb(255, 94, 153); color: #003399; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/health-fitness/high-marks-uni-students-turn-to-add-drugs/story-fneuz9ev-1226519836513#ixzz2Cie9EJO7</a><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">University Students turning to ADHD medication <span style="background-color: #fdfdfd; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 18px; text-align: left;">to help them cope with their studies</span></td></tr>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">UNIVERSITY students are taking ADHD medication to help them cope with their studies, a first-of-its-kind research paper has found.</strong></div>
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The students are using prescription amphetamines like Ritalin to help stay awake and alert, particularly when "cramming" for exams and assessments, the report from Victoria's Deakin University says.</div>
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The paper's author and senior lecturer in public health, Dr Matthew Dunn, said students were using the medication as well as caffeinated drinks and even illicit drugs to cope with increasing time pressures.</div>
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"People are taking things which keep them awake so they can balance either a full-time uni or job workload with a social life," Dr Dunn said. </div>
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"If you're paying thousands of dollars to study, you want to do well. For some people there may be the allure of using something a little bit stronger to get the best result."</div>
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Professor Barbara Pocock, director of the Centre of Work and Life at the University of South Australia, said over the past 20 years there had been a significant shift in the number of students supporting themselves financially while studying.</div>
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Undergraduate students often had to balance their studies with up to 25 hours a week of paid work with studies showing this could place them under more pressure than many full-time workers, Prof Pocock said. </div>
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"Their pressures are quite often significant and worse than a lot of workers," she said, noting that many students ran their own households. </div>
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Despite this, clinical professor and adolescent psychiatrist Jon Jureindi said there was not a lot of evidence Ritalin-type drugs help students absorb information. </div>
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"Students probably feel these drugs increase attention – and they decrease purposeless activity – but there's no evidence they increase learning," he said.</div>
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The drugs can also have physiological and psychological side effects, even triggering anxiety and psychosis in some people.</div>
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Heather*, 22, has taken an ADHD drug, dexamphetamine, to help her study since Year 10. She works fulltime and is studying a postgraduate degree in business.</div>
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"What it does is let you concentrate harder and longer," she said. "I tend to get three times the work done after I take a dex."</div>
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She said that it would be difficult to manage studying, working and being social without help.</div>
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"I don't see it as too different from cracking open a couple of Red Bulls or drinking several coffees to pull of an all-nighter," she said.</div>
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She does admit she sometimes feels quite tired after consuming the pills. </div>
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The Deakin University study of 655 students at Victoria's Deakin University reported 7.3 per cent used prescription amphetamines - a lower rate of prescription amphetamine consumption by Australian students than American students but more research was needed.</div>
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Dr Dunn will present his report's findings at the Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and Other Drugs (APSAD) conference in Melbourne on Wednesday. </div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">* Not her real name</strong></div>
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Contact us at Drug Test Australia</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Website; www.drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Email; Sales@drugtestaustralia.com.au</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, verdana, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Phone; 1300 660 636</span></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com057 Tourle St, Mayfield North NSW 2304, Australia-32.884853 151.733881-32.88652 151.7314135 -32.883186 151.7363485tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7206579172720709689.post-27007715127939425532012-11-18T20:38:00.002-08:002012-11-27T18:24:28.343-08:00Workers Drug & Alcohol Consumption by Industry<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Posted by Drug Test Australia;</span><br />
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 28px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 33.78666687011719px;">Workers' </span><span style="color: #555555; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif;"><span style="font-size: 28px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 33.78333282470703px;">Drug & Alcohol Consumption by Industry</span></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Research undertaken by The National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction, NCETA, Australia's national research centre on alcohol and other drugs workforce development, has identified that alcohol and drug consumption patterns vary substantially between industries and occupations. This data is important for the design of targeted interventions. The following tables outline some of these differences identified from a secondary analysis of 2004 National Drug Strategy Household Survey data:</span></div>
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<em style="color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: -webkit-center;">Proportions of workers who have used an illicit drug at least once in the past 12 months or drink at risky levels ( >6 standard drinks for males; >5 standard drinks for females) weekly or more often by industry</em></div>
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<b>Industry<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Hospitality<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">31.8%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Hospitality<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">16.0%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Construction<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">24.2%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Wholesale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">14.4%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Retail<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">20.7%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Construction<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">14.3%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Transport<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">18.3%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Agriculture<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">12.6%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Finance<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">17.4%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Retail<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">11.0%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Manufacturing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">17.2%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Manufacturing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">9.9%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Wholesale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">16.4%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Transport<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">9.5%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Agriculture<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">15.8%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Mining<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">9.2%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Services<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">15.1%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Services<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">8.0%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Administration<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">12.4%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Finance<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">7.9%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Mining<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">12.0%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Administration<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">7.4%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Education<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">9.2%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Education<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">3.2%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">All workers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">17.5%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">All workers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">9.4%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</em><br />
<br />
For more information, see original article at: http://nceta.flinders.edu.au/workplace/key-issues/workers-patterns-of-aod-consumption-by-industry-and-occupation/<br />
<br />
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