1. Who will be required to submit to a roadside drug test?
Any driver, motorcycle rider or supervising licence holder on a NSW road or road related area maybe required to undertake one or more oral fluid tests for the presence of the three illicit drugs.
Vehicle passengers other than supervisors of learner licence holders will not be required to undertake an oral fluid test.
Specific NSW Police operations will target heavy vehicle drivers.
Police will also target roads around venues used for ‘rave’ and dance parties, suspected by Police to be linked to drug driving.
2. What drugs will be detected by roadside drug testing and why have these drugs been chosen?
Roadside drug testing will detect the following three illicit drugs:
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of cannabis.
Methylamphetamine (‘ice’, ‘speed’, ‘crystal meth’ ‘base’ etc).
Methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’).
These three drugs are known to be among the most prevalent illicit drugs used by drivers.
A recent Roads and Maritime Services (replacing Roads and Traffic Authority) study of drug driving in NSW revealed that of those who reported driving on drugs, the most common drug was cannabis at 81 per cent followed by ecstasy at 13 per cent and speed at 10 per cent.
Driving after using cannabis results in longer reaction times, alters distance and time perception, lowers concentration, coordination, alertness and ability to react, and narrows or blurs vision.
Driving after using stimulants such as ecstasy and speed/ice increases risk taking and aggressive driving, causes loss of concentration, and causes blurry or limited vision.
3. How long after using cannabis can delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) be detected?
Roadside drug testing technology will detect recent usage of cannabis by detecting delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in cannabis.
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) will be able to be detected for several hours after use of cannabis, though the exact time will vary, for example depending on the amount and potency of the cannabis used.
4. How long after consuming ecstasy or methylamphetamine (speed, ice etc) can these drugs be detected?
Roadside drug testing technology will detect recent usage of speed, ice and ecstasy. In some cases these drugs may be detected by roadside drug screening technology for up to 48 hours after use, though the exact time will vary depending for example on the amount taken, the potency of the drug (ie ice has a much higher potency than speed) and how the drugs have been taken.
5. Will delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from passive smoking be detected in oral fluid?
No. There is no evidence to suggest that any THC in the oral fluid as a result of passive smoking will be able to be detected by the oral fluid testing technology.
6. How will roadside drug testing work?
Police will conduct a preliminary oral fluid test through the window of your vehicle.
You will be required to lick the test pad of the device. A result will be known in about five minutes.
7. How long will an oral fluid test take?
A preliminary oral fluid test will take about five minutes.
If you test negative to this test you will be able to drive away.
However, if you test positive to the first test you will have to get out of your vehicle and go with a Police officer to provide an oral fluid sample in the Police support vehicle.
In the Police truck you will provide a sample of your oral fluid, which will be tested using a different oral fluid screening device. This second test should take about 20 minutes.
If you test positive to this test you will be prohibited from driving for 24 hours by Police, and the remaining portion of your oral fluid sample from this test will be sent to the State’s analytical laboratory, the Division of Analytical Laboratories for confirmatory analysis.
8. Will I be required to leave my vehicle to undertake an oral fluid test?
No, not for the preliminary oral fluid test. Police will conduct this first test through the window of your car.
However, if you test positive you will have to get out of your vehicle and go with a Police officer to provide a second oral fluid sample in the Police support vehicle.
9. What will happen to a driver who tests positive to the roadside drug test?
If you test positive to the preliminary oral fluid test you will have to get out of your vehicle and go with a Police officer to provide a second oral fluid sample in the Police support vehicle.
In the Police support vehicle you will provide a sample of your oral fluid, which will be tested using a different oral fluid screening device. This second test should take about 20 minutes.
If you test positive to this test you will not be charged at this time, however, you will be prohibited from driving for 24 hours by Police. The remaining portion of your second oral fluid test will be sent to a laboratory for confirmatory analysis.
If the presence of one or more of these three drugs is confirmed by the laboratory, you will receive a Court Attendance Notice within a few weeks of your roadside drug test with the charge of driving with the presence of an illicit drug.
10. Will drivers who return positive result to a roadside drug test be allowed to drive before laboratory analysis of the test is complete?
If you test positive to this test you will not be charged at this time, however, you will be prohibited from driving for 24 hours by Police.
After this 24 hour period you can resume driving.
11. For drivers who return positive results to roadside drug test, when and how will they receive results from laboratory analyses?
If the presence of one or more of an illicit drug is confirmed by the laboratory, you will receive a Court Attendance Notice within a few weeks of your roadside drug test with the charge of driving with the presence of an illicit drug.
The Court Attendance Notice will include the details of the charge as well as the time, date and location of their court attendance.
You will have to attend court, which will be local to the location of the offence, to face the charge of drive with the presence of an illicit drug.
12. Will medications be detected by roadside drug tests?
The oral fluid test will not detect the presence of prescription drugs including medicines with amphetamine–like substances or common over the counter medications, such as cold and flu tablets.
Oral fluid tests will only detect delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) the active component in cannabis, methylamphetamine (speed, ice, crystal meth, base) and methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA) ecstasy - substances that are not legally prescribed in Australia.
13. Why is oral fluid tested rather than blood or urine?
Collecting oral fluid from drivers at the roadside is much easier than collecting a blood or urine sample.
Oral fluid testing devices are a non-invasive, rapid and reliable way to screen for drugs at the roadside.
14. How accurate is the oral fluid drug screening technology?
The oral fluid test is a screening test only. Oral fluid drug screening technology provides a reliable indicative result in a matter of minutes, making it ideal for use as a roadside screening device but not for an evidentiary result to be used at court.
Those who are screened as being drug positive will be required to provide a further additional oral fluid sample for further testing.
Only a positive drug result from the Government’s analytical laboratory can be used to prosecute for a drug driving offence.
15. What are the penalties if the laboratory confirms the presence of one or more of the three illicit drugs in your oral fluid sample?
The penalty for a first offence is a maximum $1,100 fine and three (minimum) to six months (maximum) licence disqualification.
The penalty for a second or subsequent offence is a maximum $2,200 fine and licence disqualification for minimum six months up to an unlimited period.
16. What happens if a driver refuses to be tested?
If a person refuses to be tested at the roadside they can be fined $1,100. They will also have to accompany a Police officer to the Police truck where they will have to provide a sample of their oral fluid.
If they refuse to provide an oral fluid sample a maximum fine of $3,300 applies, plus licence disqualification for a minimum of six months up to an unlimited period.
A driver who refuses to be tested can also be prohibited from driving for 24 hours by Police.
17. What happens if I am unable to provide an oral fluid sample?
A person who has genuinely attempted but is unable to provide a sample of their oral fluid will be required by Police to provide a sample of blood in lieu of an oral fluid sample.
The person will be taken by Police to a hospital to have the blood sample taken. The state’s analytical laboratory will analyse the sample for the presence of any drug.
If they refuse to provide a blood sample then a maximum $3,300 fine applies.
18. Don’t stimulants such as methylamphetamine (speed, ice, crystal meth, base) make you a more alert driver?
While methylamphetamine, in its various forms, can increase your alertness they can also cause you to:
Take more risks.
Drive aggressively.
Believe you drive better than you really can.
Be overstimulated and lose concentration.
Have blurry or limited vision.
See things on the road that aren’t where you think they are.
Have scattered thoughts or delusions.
Driving when you’re coming down is also very dangerous. When the effects of stimulants are wearing off your driving is still affected. You may fall asleep at the wheel.
19. Will oral fluid samples be destroyed when the evidentiary drug analysis is complete?
No, the remaining proportion will be stored at the laboratory for six months.
This is so a person can apply for a portion of their own sample to be independently analysed by another laboratory at their own expense.
20. What about other illicit drugs?
Drivers found to be impaired by any illicit drug can currently be prosecuted under existing Police powers for the drive under the influence offence.
There is also a new offence of drive with the presence of cocaine or morphine (heroin) in blood or urine; however drivers will not be randomly tested for these drugs using a roadside drug test.
21. Can drivers be charged with both drug and alcohol offences?
Yes. It will be possible for a person to be prosecuted for a prescribed concentration of alcohol offence as well as an offence of presence of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of cannabis, methylamphetamine (‘ice’, ‘speed’, ‘crystal meth’ ‘base’ etc) and methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’).
However, if a person is prosecuted for a drive under the influence offence, they cannot also be prosecuted for a prescribed concentration of alcohol offence or presence of drugs offence.
22. If a driver tests positive to drugs will they be searched, or have their vehicles or property searched?
Police already have the power to search persons and vehicles for drugs or other items if they have reasonable grounds to suspect evidence of an offence may be found there.
In most cases, no search will occur. However, there could be evidence of drug or other offences apparent to police administering the test. In these circumstances they have the power to conduct a search.
Phone Enquiries: 1300 660 636 or (02)49203225
Original Article; http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/roadsafety/alcoholdrugs/drugdriving/drugdrivingfaqs.html
